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The purpose of this part of ISO 21175 is to specify a Reference Model and Process for Collaborative Modeling and Simulation Environment (CMSE), which establishes a general framework of CMSE to provide guidance for implementation of joint simulation projects. The CMSE which is based on the reference process and the reference model including neutral interfaces and meta-models can enable service-oriented share-use of the infrastructure, integration of the software and collaboration of the business to improve collaboration among all kinds of stakeholders involved in a joint simulation project which needs on-demand simulation at any time and any place upon different manufacturing platforms owned by different enterprises or by different departments within an enterprise. ISO 21175 can not only be applied to manufacturing enterprises but also be applied to other kinds of enterprises. It is intended for use by stakeholders who are concerned with developing and deploying solutions of the joint simulation project based on information and communication technology. It focuses on simulation activities related cross-platform simulation collaboration capability supporting business planning & logistics, manufacturing operations management and production control within or among enterprises, which can cover the levels from 2 to 4 of the functional hierarchy of manufacturing systems in IEC 62264-3. This part of ISO 21175 specifies the following: This part of ISO 21175 does not relate to the simulation irrelevant collaboration environment, and does not specify the specific approach to implement CMSE in the solution formulation of joint simulation projects.