Metalliteollisuuden Standardisointiyhdistys

This part of EN ISO 19014 specifies general principles for environmental testing of electronic and electrical components used on safety-related parts of earth-moving machinery and its equipment, as defined in EN ISO 6165.

This part of ISO 13473 describes a test method to determine the average depth of pavement surface macrotexture (see Clause 3, Definitions) by measuring the profile of a surface and calculating the texture depth from this profile. The technique is designed to provide an average depth value of only the pavement macrotexture and is considered insensitive to pavement microtexture and unevenness characteristics. The objective of this part of ISO 13473 is to make available an internationally accepted procedure for determination of pavement surface texture depth which is an alternative to the traditionally used volumetric patch technique (generally using sand or glass beads), giving comparable texture depth values. Modern profilometers in use are almost entirely of the contactless type (e.g. laser or light slit to mention a few) and this standard is intended for this type. However, a contact-type of profilometer may use applicable parts of this standard. This ISO 13473- series has been prepared as a result of a need identified when specifying a test surface for vehicle noise measurement (ISO 10844). Macrotexture depth measurements according to this International Standard are not generally adequate for specifying test conditions of vehicle or traffic noise measurements, but have limited applications as a supplement in conjunction with other ways of specifying a surfacing. This test method is suitable for determining the Mean Profile Depth of a pavement surface. This Mean Profile Depth can be transformed to a quantity which estimates the macrotexture depth according to the volumetric patch method. It is applicable to field tests as well as laboratory tests on pavement samples. When used in conjunction with other physical tests, the macrotexture depth values derived from this test method are applicable to estimation of pavement skid resistance characteristics (see e.g. reference[1] in the Bibliography), estimation of noise characteristics, and assessment of the suitability of paving materials or pavement finishing techniques. The method, together with other measurements (where applicable), such as porosity or microtexture, can be used to assess the quality of pavements. This part of ISO 13473 is adapted for pavement texture measurement and is not intended for other applications. Pavement aggregate particle shape, size, and distribution are surface texture features not addressed in this procedure. The method is not meant to provide a complete assessment of pavement surface texture characteristics. In particular, care should be exercised in interpreting the result if the method is applied to porous surfaces or to grooved surfaces (see Annex B).

This European Standard gives guidance on the application of brazing and the manufacture of brazed joints. This standard gives an introduction to brazing and a basis for the understanding and use of brazing in different applications. Because of the wide range of applications of brazing, this standard does not give detailed guidance that might be product specific. For such information, reference should be made to the appropriate product standard or, for applications where this does not exist, the relevant criteria should be clearly established before any brazing is undertaken.This standard covers joint design and assembly, material aspects for both parent material and filler materials, brazing process and process variables, pre- and post-braze treatment and inspection.

This European Standard describes non-destructive examination procedures and test piece types necessary to perform the tests on brazed joints.The non-destructive examination methods described are as follows:a) visual examination (see Clause 4);b) ultrasonic examination (see Clause 5);c) radiographic examination (see Clause 6);d) penetrant examination (see Clause 7);e) leak testing (see Clause 8);f) proof testing (see Clause 9);g) thermography (see Clause 10).The brazed joints to which these tests are applied can either be test samples manufactured to obtain brazed joint design data, or manufactured as part of the approval testing of a brazing procedure, or parts of a brazed assembly. The type of test piece described for each test can be quoted or incorporated in engineering application standards that deal with brazed assemblies.This European Standard does not recommend the number of samples to be tested or the repeat tests allowed. Neither does it specify methods of sampling brazed joints, except to give guidance regarding the precautions necessary, nor does it comment on the acceptance criteria applicable to any of the tests. No attempt is made to define which test or tests, if any, should be applied in any situation. This is a matter to be established before any particular method of test is selected.The methods of non-destructive examination are not associated with any particular type of brazed assembly but lay down the general principles of the types of testing described. It is emphasized that a satisfactory examination method can only be developed and used after taking into account all the relevant factors regarding the equipment to be used and the characteristics of the test piece being examined.

This European Standard describes destructive test procedures and test piece types necessary to perform the tests on brazed joints.Brazed joints are used in a wide variety of assemblies and the design requirements placed upon these joints will also vary widely; there will usually be some level of strength required but this may not be explicitly stated and is frequently of minor importance compared to some other criterion, e.g. hermeticity. It follows that a test which measures strength may be totally irrelevant in assessing a joint for a particular application where strength is a minor consideration. This situation is made more complicated because brazed joints are almost invariably designed to be loaded in shear and the dimensions of the joint affect the shear strength to a much greater extent than they do the tensile strength. The tests described in this standard have been used successfully to give information on specific properties and where such information is needed, it is recommended that one of them be specified.It is vital to recognise that for many fabrications none of these tests will be suitable and specific tests will have to be devised, which do yield the requisite information (which may be qualitative rather than quantitative). The destructive test methods described are as follows:a) shear tests (see Clause 4);b) tensile tests (see Clause 5);c) metallographic examination (see Clause 6);d) hardness tests (see Clause 7);e) peel test (see Clause 8);f) bend tests (see Clause 9).Details of burst tests are not included as these are not commonly used on brazed joints.The type of test piece described for each test can be quoted or incorporated in engineering applications standards that deal with brazed assemblies.The results of the tests are used:g) to determine basic data regarding filler metal performance;h) to arrive at optimum brazing designs (including gaps) and brazing procedures;i) to relate production results to results achieved in development.This European Standard does not recommend the number of samples to be tested or the repeat tests allowed. Neither does it specify methods of sampling brazed joints, except to give guidance regarding the precautions necessary, nor does it comment on the acceptance criteria applicable to any of the tests.No attempt is made to define which test or tests, if any, should be applied in any situation. This is a matter to be established before any particular method of test is selected.

A transition is an areal feature connecting two adjacent features, for which the intersection is a line. The transition includes portions of the adjacent features. This document defines a number of specification operators for the specification of defined transitions. These specifications all apply to any line in a defined direction in the transition feature. It also defines the specification modifiers and the drawing indications for such transition specifications. The proportions and dimensions of the graphical symbols to be used are also specified. This document provides a set of tools to express several defined transition specifications. It does not present any information on the relationship between a function or a use and a defined transition specification.

This draft European Standard applies to personal light electric vehicles totally or partially electrically powered from self-contained power sources with or without self-balancing system.This draft European Standard applies to vehicles having battery voltages up to 100VDC, and/or an integrated battery charger with up to a 240VAC input.It specifies safety requirements, test methods, marking and information relating to personal light electric vehicles to reduce the risk of injuries to both third parties and the user during intend use, i.e. when used as intended and under condition of misuse that are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer.This draft tandard does not apply to:- vehicles that are considered as toys;- vehicles without self-balancing system with a seat;- vehicles intended for competition;- electrically powered assisted cycle (EPAC);- vehicles and/or devices intend for use under medical care;- electric vehicles having a maximum speed above 25 Km/h;- vehicles having a rated voltage of more than 100VDC or 240VAC.

This European Standard:- specifies requirements and gives reference to the test methods defined for fire resisting duct sections and their associated components (e.g. hangers and other items as fire stopping seals proven at the time of testing), which are intended to be installed in heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems in buildings, and- specifies a method for the verification of constancy of performance of these products to the requirements of this document, and- specifies the marking and information on installation and maintenance of these products.This document:- is applicable to fire resisting duct sections placed on the market used in fire resisting air distribution duct systems excluding smoke extraction systems, and- governs associated components used together with duct sections (e.g. turning vanes, silencers, access panels, with the exceptions of, e.g., fire dampers which are covered by separate standards).To avoid duplication, reference is made to a variety of other standards. To this end, it is advised to read this document in conjunction with EN 13501-3 for classification and EN 1366-1 and EN 15882-1 for details of the fire resistance testing and the direct and extended field of application.This document does not consider in detail the detrimental and/or corrosive effects that can be caused by chemical processes present in the atmosphere, which are drawn through the system intentionally or inadvertently.

This European Standard specifies fundamental techniques of film and digital radiography with the object of enabling satisfactory and repeatable results to be obtained economically. The techniques are based on generally recognized practice and fundamental theory of the subject.This European Standard applies to the radiographic examination of pipes in metallic materials for service induced flaws such as corrosion pitting, generalized corrosion and erosion. Besides its conventional meaning, “pipe” as used in this standard should be understood to cover other cylindrical bodies such as tubes, penstocks, boiler drums and pressure vessels.Weld inspection for typical welding process induced flaws is not covered, but weld inspection is included for corrosion/erosion type flaws.The pipes may be insulated or not, and can be assessed where loss of material due, for example, to corrosion or erosion is suspected either internally or externally.This part of EN 16407 covers the tangential inspection technique for detection and through-wall sizing of wall loss, including:a) with the source on the pipe centre line, andb) with the source offset from it by the pipe radius.Part 2 of EN 16407 covers double wall radiography, and note that the double wall double image technique is often combined with tangential radiography with the source on the pipe centre line.This European Standard applies to tangential radiographic inspection using industrial radiographic film techniques, computed digital radiography (CR) and digital detector arrays (DDA).

This European Standard specifies fundamental techniques of film and digital radiography with the object of enabling satisfactory and repeatable results to be obtained economically. The techniques are based on generally recognized practice and fundamental theory of the subject.This European Standard applies to the radiographic examination of pipes in metallic materials for service induced flaws such as corrosion pitting, generalized corrosion and erosion. Besides its conventional meaning, "pipe" as used in this standard should be understood to cover other cylindrical bodies such as tubes, penstocks, boiler drums and pressure vessels.Weld inspection for typical welding process induced flaws is not covered, but weld inspection is included for corrosion/erosion type flaws.The pipes may be insulated or not, and can be assessed where loss of material due, for example, to corrosion or erosion is suspected either internally or externally.This part of EN 16407 covers double wall inspection techniques for detection of wall loss, including double wall single image (DWSI) and double wall double image (DWDI).Note that the DWDI technique described in this part of EN 16407 is often combined with the tangential technique covered in EN 16407-1.This European Standard applies to in-service double wall radiographic inspection using industrial radiographic film techniques, computed digital radiography (CR) and digital detector arrays (DDA).

This European Standard specifies the requirements for the safety of persons and property, provides guidance for the protection of the environment and establishes procedures for the operation, maintenance and repair of refrigerating systems and the recovery of refrigerants.The term "refrigerating system" used in this European Standard includes heat pumps.This standard applies:a) to refrigerating systems, stationary or mobile, of all sizes including heat pumps;b) to secondary cooling or heating systems;c) to the location of the refrigerating systems;d) to parts replaced and components added after adoption of this standard if they are not identical in function and capacity.This standard does not cover "motor vehicle air conditioners" constructed according to product standards such as ISO 13043.Systems using refrigerants other than those listed in FprEN 378-1:2016, Annex E are not covered by this standard unless they have been assigned to a safety class according to ISO 817.This standard does not apply to goods in storage.This standard is not applicable to refrigeration systems and heat pumps which were manufactured before the date of its publication as a European Standard except for extensions and modifications to the system which were implemented after publication.This standard is applicable to new refrigerating systems, extensions or modifications of already existing systems, and for existing stationary systems, being transferred to and operated on another site.This standard also applies in the case of the conversion of a system to another refrigerant type, in which case conformity to the relevant clauses of parts 1 to 4 of the standard shall be assessed.This Part 4 of the European Standard specifies requirements for safety and environmental aspects in relation to operation, maintenance, and repair of refrigerating systems and the recovery, reuse and disposal of all types of refrigerant, refrigerant oil, heat-transfer fluid, refrigerating system and part thereof.These requirements are intended to minimise risks of injury to persons and damage to property and the environment resulting from improper handling of the refrigerants or from contaminants leading to system breakdown and resultant emission of the refrigerant.Subclauses 4, 5.1.1 to 5.1.4, 5.2, 5.3.1, 5.3.3 and 6.6 of this European Standard are not applicable to unitary systems having a power cord, being factory sealed, and in conformance with EN 60335 series.

The scope of this standard includes all electric motor driven fan systems that utilize a specific combination of components as defined below:

This document specifies the testing instruments and procedure for filtration efficiency of flat sheet filter media against airborne nanoparticles in the 3 – 30 nm range.