Suomen ympäristökeskus

 

This document contains details on the sampling of domestic and industrial waste water, i.e. the design of sampling programmes and techniques for the collection of samples. It covers waste water in all its forms, i.e. industrial waste water, radioactive waste water, cooling water, raw and treated domestic waste water. It deals with various sampling techniques used and the rules to be applied to ensure the samples are representative. Sampling of accidental spillages is not included, although the methods described in certain cases may also be applicable to spillages. ISO 5667-10 is not applicable to sampling of microplastics in waste waters. Appropriate guidance is described in ISO 5667-27[2].

 

This document specifies an instrumental method for the routine determination of the specific electrical conductivity in an aqueous extract of soil, sludge, biowaste and waste. The determination is carried out to obtain an indication of the content of water-soluble electrolytes in a sample. This document is applicable to all types of air-dried samples of soil, sludge, biowaste and waste.

 

Specifies an instrumental method for the routine determination of the specific electrical conductivity in an aqueous extract of soil. The determination is carried out to obtain an indication of the content of water-soluble electrolytes in a soil.

 

The method specified can be applied to all types of soil samples. Different procedures are specified for air-dried soil samples, e.g. samples pretreated according to ISO 11464, and for field-moist soil samples. Its principle is drying soil samples to constant mass at 105 °C and using the difference in mass of an amount of soil before and after the drying procedure to calculate the dry matter and water contents on a mass basis. For the determination of soil water content on a volume basis, refer to ISO 11461.

 

This document specifies methods for the calculation of the dry matter fraction of sludge, sludge products, treated biowaste, soil and waste for which the results of performed analysis are calculated to the dry matter basis. Depending on the nature and origin of the sample, the calculation is based on a determination of the dry residue (method A) or a determination of the water content (methods A and B). It applies to samples containing more than 1 % (mass fraction) of dry residue or more than 1 % (mass fraction) of water. Method A applies to sludge, sludge products, treated biowaste, soil and solid waste. Method B applies to liquid waste and to samples which are suspected or known to contain volatiles except for water.

 

This document describes a method for the determination of the acute toxicity to one of three specified species of marine copepod (Copepoda, Crustacea) of

 

This document specifies a basic method of determining the particle size distribution applicable to a wide range of mineral soil materials, including the mineral fraction of organic soils. It also offers procedures to deal with the less common soils mentioned in the introduction. This document has been developed largely for use in the field of environmental science, and its use in geotechnical investigations is something for which professional advice might be required. A major objective of this document is the determination of enough size fractions to enable the construction of a reliable particle-size-distribution curve. This document does not apply to the determination of the particle size distribution of the organic components of soil, i.e. the more or less fragile, partially decomposed, remains of plants and animals. It is also realized that the chemical pre-treatments and mechanical handling stages in this document could cause disintegration of weakly cohesive particles that, from field inspection, might be regarded as primary particles, even though such primary particles could be better described as aggregates. If such disintegration is undesirable, then this document is not used for the determination of the particle size distribution of such weakly cohesive materials.

 

This document establishes requirements and recommendations for the operation of the anaerobic digestion of sludge in order to support safe and sufficient operation of anaerobic digestion facilities to produce to produce sufficient biogas and control by-products qualities. In particular, conditions to optimize mixing within the reactor and appropriate control systems management for safe and reliable operation are described in this document. Performance of the processes in terms of biogas and digestate production are presented depending on type of technologies available on the market. Blending sludge with waste (co-substrate) and mixing the sludge with organic wastes to increase digester loading are also considered. This document is applicable to decision-makers and operators in charge of an anaerobic digestion system.

 

Type text. This International Standard specifies a spectrophotometric determination of the pHT of sea water on the total hydrogen ion concentration pH scale. The total hydrogen ion concentration, [H+]t, is expressed as moles per kilogram of sea water. The method is suitable for assaying oceanic levels of pHT from 7,4 to 8,2 for normal sea water of practical salinity ranging from 20 to 40.

 

This document specifies a method for sampling and handling earthworms from field soils as a prerequisite for using these animals as bioindicators (e.g. to assess the quality of a soil as a habitat for organisms). This document applies to all terrestrial biotopes in which earthworms occur. The sampling design of field studies in general is given in ISO 18400-101 and guidance on the determination of effects of pollutants on earthworms in field situations is given in ISO 11268-3. These aspects can vary according to the national requirements or the climatic/regional conditions of the site to be sampled (see also Annex C). This document is not applicable for semi-terrestrial soils and it can be difficult to use under extreme climatic or geographical conditions (e.g. in high mountains). Methods for some other soil organism groups, such as collembolans, are covered in other parts of ISO 23611.

 

This document specifies a method for sampling and handling earthworms from field soils as a prerequisite for using these animals as bioindicators (e.g. to assess the quality of a soil as a habitat for organisms). This document applies to all terrestrial biotopes in which earthworms occur. The sampling design of field studies in general is given in ISO 18400-101 and guidance on the determination of effects of pollutants on earthworms in field situations is given in ISO 11268-311 This Standard will be replaced by an Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) document (either a Test Guideline or Guidance Document) currently under development (OECD project no. 2.47 ‘New Test Guideline on Determination of Effects on Earthworms in Field Studies’).. These aspects can vary according to the national requirements or the climatic/regional conditions of the site to be sampled. This document is not applicable for semi-terrestrial soils (i.e. soils that are partly aquatic like bogs, beaches, marshes, stream margins, etc.) and it can be difficult to use under extreme climatic or geographical conditions (e.g. in high mountains). Methods for other soil organism groups, such as micro-arthropods and enchytraeids (mesofauna), are covered in other parts of ISO 23611.