Suomen ympäristökeskus

This document specifies a method for the enumeration of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in water. Themethod is based on the growth of target organisms in a liquid medium and calculation of the mostprobable number (MPN) of organisms by reference to MPN tables.This document is applicable to a range of types of water. For example, hospital waters, drinking waterand non-carbonated bottled waters intended for human consumption, groundwater, swimming pooland spa pool waters including those containing high background counts of heterotrophic bacteria.This document does not apply to carbonated bottled waters, flavoured bottle waters, cooling towerwaters or marine waters, for which the method has not been validated. These waters are, therefore,outside the scope of this document. Laboratories can employ the method presented in this documentfor these matrices by undertaking appropriate validation of performance of this method prior to use.The test is based on a bacterial enzyme detection technology that signals the presence of P. aeruginosathrough the hydrolysis of a 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin aminopeptidase substrate present in a specialreagent. P. aeruginosa cells rapidly grow and reproduce using the rich supply of amino acids, vitaminsand other nutrients present in the reagent. Actively growing strains of P. aeruginosa have an enzymethat cleaves the 7-amido-coumarin aminopeptidase substrate releasing a product which fluorescesunder ultraviolet (UV) light. The test described in this document provides a confirmed result within24 h with no requirement for further confirmation of positive wells.

This International Standard specifies a method for the determination of total organic carbon (TOC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and for the determination of dissolved and particular bound nitrogen (TNb) in the form of free ammonia, ammonium, nitrite, nitrate and organic compounds capable of conversion to nitrogen oxides under the oxidative conditions described. The procedure is carried out instrumentally.NOTE 1 Generally the method can be applied for the determination of total carbon (TC) and total inorganic carbon (TIC) (see Annex A in the Outline).The method is applicable for water (e.g. drinking water, raw water, ground water, surface water, sea water or waste water) containing suspended material of = 100 µm of particle size (convention). Reduce particles of > 100 µm of size to pieces of particle size of = 100 µm before injection. The method allows a determination of TOC/DOC = 1 mg/l C and TNb = 1 mg/l N.NOTE 2 The determination of carbon concentrations > 0,3 mg/l to 1 mg/l is only applicable in special cases, for example drinking water, measured by highly sensitive instruments. Cyanide, cyanate and particles of elemental carbon (soot), when present in the sample, can be determined together with the organic carbon. Volatile or purgeable organic carbon (VOC, POC) is not determined by this method. Dissolved nitrogen gas is not determined by this method. Generally, the working range is restricted by instrument dependant conditions (e.g. injection volume). Higher concentrations may be determined after appropriate dilution.

This document specifies various calibration strategies for physicochemical and chemical analytical methods and specifies the calculation of analytical results. It defines the general context for linear calibration so that individual standards dealing with analytical methods for the examination of water quality can make reference to it.

This document specifies an operationally defined method for the direct determination of organically bound halogens (chlorine, bromine and iodine) adsorbed and occluded to the sample matrix. AOX being a methodologically defined parameter, it is essential that the procedure is applied without any modification. This document is intended for analysis of sludge, treated biowaste or soil in concentrations ranging from 5 mg/kg dry matter. The upper limit and exact concentration range covered depend on the instrumentation used for determination.NOTE This method can also be applied to other environmental solid matrices, provided the user has verified the applicability.

This document describes a method to assess the bioaccumulation of chemicals in snails, i.e. concentrations of metal(loid)s (ME) or organic compounds [e.g. polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)] accumulated in their tissues. This document presents how to prepare snails for caging in situ for 28 days, the in situ test design and then how to collect and prepare the snails until conservation and further analysis. If a kinetic study of accumulation is necessary, sampling of snails at different time-points during exposure is possible as well [13],[19],[22]. This document excludes analytical methods. Preparation (extraction and mineralization) of the samples and quantification of chemicals are not in the scope of the present document. The method is applicable for soils under different uses (agricultural, industrial, residential, forests, before and after remediation, on potentially contaminated sites, etc.) and waste materials [8],[10], preferably with vegetation and/or humus cover. The method is applicable subject to certain limits of temperature (frost-free period, i.e. mainly from April to October in temperate region). Optionally (see Annex I), the method can be used in the laboratory to evaluate the accumulation of contaminants [and optionally, the sum of excess of transfer (SET) index for ME, PAH, PCB] of snails exposed only to soil.

This European standard specifies general requirements, minimum performance requirements and test procedures for open channelinstrumentation used to determine either volumetric flow-rate and/or total volume passed of waters in artificial open channels. Itcovers the following technology categories:-Level sensors with associated electronics designed to be used with a conventional gauging structure (e.g. weir or flumefor which the stage discharge characteristics are established and published in a national or international standard) or afluid velocity sensor.-Integrated velocity area devices comprising level and velocity sensors that may be separate or combined in a single assembly;-Velocity sensors that determine the mean water velocity through a channel.It is recognised that for some OCIs certain tests cannot be carried out.

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