Suomen ympäristökeskus

 

This document provides guidance on toxicological evaluation, classification, sampling methodologies, and determination methods of sludge/biosolids for land application, and suitable land application pathways:

 

This document specifies requirements for the selection, installation, qualification, and operation of continuous measuring devices (CMDs). The overall objective is to obtain representative and reliable measurements when using CMDs to monitor water quality. This document applies to continuous measuring devices for monitoring physical and chemical parameters in different types of water.

 

This document gives guidelines for the design of sampling programmes, techniques and the handling and preservation of samples of water, from natural and man-made lakes during open-water and ice-covered conditions. This document is applicable to lakes with and without aquatic vegetation. Guidance on sampling for microbiological examination is not included. For specific guidance on the sampling for microplastics, see ISO 5667-27.

 

Specifies a method for the determination of the total carbon content in soil after dry combustion. The organic carbon content is calculated from this content after correcting for carbonates present in the sample. If carbonates are removed beforehand, the organic carbon content is measured directly. Applicable to all types of air-dried soil samples.

 

This document specifies two methods for the determination of total organic carbon (TOC) in sludge, treated biowaste, soil and waste samples containing more than 0,1 % carbon in relation to the dry matter (dm). This document is validated for several types of matrices as indicated in Table 1 (see also Annex A for the results of the validation). The results in this document are expressed in % C in relation to the dry matter (dm).

 

This document defines individual concepts that together provide a framework for a vocabulary common to different stakeholders with interests in municipal wastewater sludge recovery, recycling, treatment and disposal. It is intended to facilitate common understanding and communication on undertaking such activities. The following are within the scope of this document:

 

This document provides definitions, descriptions and a framework for the assessment of ecological soil functions and of related ecosystem services, based on a review of existing documents. It describes the main characteristics of key ecological soil functions and how they relate to soil characteristics and to ecosystem services. This document does not cover non-ecological soil functions, e.g. the support of infrastructures and archives, the provision of raw material.

 

This document specifies a method for quantitative determination of various perfluorinated hydrocarbons by means of High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectrometry in soil, sludge, sediment and waste (see Table 1). For many substances to which this document applies a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0,1 to 10 µg/kgdm can be achieved. See also Annex D for more information regarding the LOQ’s reachable. The method can be applied to the analysis of additional PFAS not specified in the scope, if validity is proven by proper in-house validation protocols, particularly for volatile compounds that may be lost during preparation. For each target compound all, branched and non-branched are quantified together. In this method the amount of linear and branched PFAS is quantified using the response factor of the linear PFAS in the calibration standard and the total area of the linear and branched PFAS (Annex C gives more explanation). Alternatively, the linear isomer and sum of branched isomers may be quantified separately and the sum of both can be calculated provided a complete separation of the linear isomer from the branched isomers is obtained. All compounds of Table 1 were tested during an international inter laboratory trial in Europe in the period December 2023 to April 2024. The table specifies for which the criteria of an interlaboratory standard deviation (CVR) of 50 % was not reached. See Annex D for more details. The validity of the procedure has been proven for soil, sediment and sludge samples and for a selection of waste samples. For other waste types than mentioned in Annex D the laboratory shall validate the suitability of the procedure of this standard.

 

This document specifies a method for quantitative determination of various perfluorinated hydrocarbons by means of High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectrometry in soil, sludge, sediment and waste (see Table 1). For many substances to which this document applies a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.1 to 10 µg/kgdm can be achieved. The method can be applied to the analysis of additional PFAS not specified in the scope, if validity is proven by proper in-house validation protocols. For each target compound both, eventually occurring branched, isomers and the respective non-branched isomer are quantified together. In this method the amount of linear and branched PFAS is quantified using the response factor of the linear PFAS in the calibration standard and the total area of the linear and branched PFAS (Annex 1 gives more explanation)

 

This document describes a highly specific method for the enumeration of Escherichia coli (E. coli) in water. The method is based on membrane filtration, subsequent culture at 44 °C on a chromogenic agar medium containing a chromogenic ingredient for the detection of the enzyme ß-glucuronidase, and calculation of the number of target organisms in the sample. Because of the high specificity of the method, this document is suitable for waters with high levels of background bacteria, such as surface waters including bathing water and wastewater. E. coli strains which do not grow at 44 °C and those that are ß-glucuronidase negative, such as E. coli O157, will not be detected as E. coli by this method.

 

This document describes a highly specific method for the enumeration of Escherichia coli (E. coli) in water. The method is based on membrane filtration followed by culture at 44 °C on chromogenic agar medium containing an ingredient for the detection of the enzyme ß-glucuronidase, and calculation of the number of target organisms in the sample[5,6,13]. Because of the high specificity of the method, this document is suitable for waters with high levels of background bacteria, such as surface waters including bathing water and wastewater provided that they contain little particulate or colloidal matter relative to the E. coli concentration. The method can be used for fresh water and, with an adaptation, for marine water. E. coli strains which do not grow at 44 °C and those that are ß-glucuronidase negative, such as E. coli O157, will not be detected as E. coli by this method. This method is not applicable to the enumeration and detection of coliform bacteria other than E. coli.