Metalliteollisuuden Standardisointiyhdistys

 

1.1 Scope of EN 1993-1-9 (1) EN 1993-1-9 gives design methods for the verification of the fatigue design situation of steel structures. NOTE Steel structures consist of members and their joints. Each member and joint can be represented as a constructional detail or as several of the latter. (2) Design methods other than the stress-based methods, such as the notch strain method or fracture mechanics methods, are not covered by EN 1993-1-9. (3) EN 1993-1-9 only applies to structures made of all grades of structural steels and products within the scope of EN 1993-1 (all parts), in accordance with the provisions noted in the detail category tables or annexes. (4) EN 1993-1-9 only applies to structures where execution conforms to EN 1090-2. NOTE Supplementary execution requirements are indicated in the detail category tables. (5) EN 1993-1-9 applies to structures operating under normal atmospheric conditions and with sufficient corrosion protection and regular maintenance. The effect of seawater corrosion is not covered. (6) EN 1993-1-9 applies to structures with hot dip galvanizing in accordance with the provisions noted in the detail category tables or annexes. (7) Microstructural damage from high temperature (> 150°C) that occurs during the design service life is not covered. (8) EN 1993-1-9 gives guidance of how to consider post-fabrication treatments that are intended to improve the fatigue resistance of constructional details. 1.2 Assumptions (1) Unless specifically stated, EN 1990, EN 1991 (all parts) and EN 1993 1 (all parts) apply. (2) The design methods given in EN 1993-1-9 are applicable if: - the execution quality is as specified in EN 1090-2, and - the construction materials and products used are as specified in the relevant parts on EN 1993 (all parts), or in the relevant material and product specifications. (3) The design methods of EN 1993-1-9 are generally derived from fatigue tests on constructional details with large scale specimens that include effects of geometrical and structural imperfections from material production and execution (e.g. the effects of tolerances and residual stresses from welding).

 

This document defines the general terms and the calculations used to determine the thermohydraulic performance of heat exchangers. It includes the general test procedure and related theories. This document is intended to be used for acceptance-testing heat exchangers in test facilities such as laboratories, manufacturer test facilities and final installation site. This document specifies three acceptance levels: - level 1 for minimum tolerances; - level 2 for nominal tolerances; - level 3 for maximum tolerances; This document constitutes an application-specific standard in line with EN 305 and EN 306.

 

This document specifies the test apparatus, test procedures, quality control and test report of swelling pressure test of buffer material for disposal of high-level radioactive waste. The swelling pressure of the buffer material is measured under constant volume conditions, which should be strictly maintained. This document is applicable to the measurement of swelling pressure of buffer material for disposal of high-level radioactive waste. The test should be performed at temperatures ranging from ambient to 95 °C. Higher test temperatures may be applied, provided that they are clearly documented in the test report and that all components of the test apparatus, including seals and sensors, are suitable for operation at the selected temperature. This document can also be applicable to test the swelling pressure of bentonite-based material for disposal of intermediate-level and low-level radioactive waste.

 

This International Standard provides requirements that are intended to minimize risks related to Electrical, Electronic and Electromechanical (EEE) parts used in commercial spacecraft, launch vehicles, and critical Ground Support Equipment (GSE). The family of EEE parts includes electro-optical parts. electrical, electronic and electromechanical (EEE) parts - and enhance safety and reliability.

 

This document specifies a calculation method for the application of a static load test to the structural attachment of marine evacuation systems to ships.

 

This document specifies methods of measuring the effectiveness of inlet only, outlet only, and inlet/outlet anti-drain valves when fitted to a full-flow lubricating oil filter of the “spin-on” or “easy change” type, for internal combustion engines.

 

This document gives the safety requirements and measures for edge banding machines fed by chains or belts, with manual loading and unloading and maximum workpiece height capacity of 100 mm, capable of continuous production use, hereinafter referred as “machines”. It deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, listed in Annex A, relevant to the machines, when operated, adjusted and maintained as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer; reasonably foreseeable misuse has been considered too. Also, transport, assembly, dismantling, disabling and scrapping phases are taken into account. The machines are designed to process in one pass one end (single-end machine) or both ends (double-end machine) of panels of: —    materials with similar physical characteristics to wood (see ISO 19085-1:2021, 3.2), even with a core sheet of aluminium light alloy; —    gypsum plaster boards. Edges to be applied by the machine can be made of: —    paper; —    melamine; —    plastic; —    composite materials; —    aluminium; —    light alloy; —    veneer; —    solid wood. It is also applicable to machines fitted with one or more of the following devices/working units, whose hazards have been dealt with: —    hot air banding unit; —    laser banding unit; —    infrared banding unit; —    dynamic processing units; —    sanding belt units; —    milling unit installed out of the integral enclosure at the panel side on single-end machines; —    milling unit installed out of the integral enclosure between machines halves of double-end machines; —    additional fixed or movable workpiece support along the feed; —    additional infeed workpiece support; —    additional outfeed workpiece support; —    in-feed device for transversal loading of panels in single-end machines; —    intermediate workpiece support in double-end machines; —    automatic panel returner in single-end machines; —    automatic tool changing; —    quick tool changing system; —    automatic multiple edges infeed device; —    workpiece heaters. This document does not deal with any hazards relating to: a)   systems for loading and unloading of the workpiece to a single machine other than automatic panel returner and infeed and outfeed workpiece supports (e.g. robots); b)   the combination of a single machine being used with other machines (as part of a line); c)   workpiece dividing unit installed out of the integral enclosure and/or whose tools protrude out of the integral enclosure; d)   plasma banding unit. It is not applicable to machines intended for use in potentially explosive atmosphere nor manufactured before the date of its publication.

 

This document specifies the safety requirements and measures for manually loaded and unloaded vertical panel circular sawing machines (defined in 3.1) capable of continuous production use, with hand feed or integrated feed, hereinafter referred to also as “machines”. This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, as listed in Annex A, relevant to the machines, when operated, adjusted and maintained as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer, including reasonably foreseeable misuse. Transport, assembly, dismantling, disabling and scrapping phases are also taken into account. This document is also applicable to machines fitted with one or more of the following devices/additional working units, whose hazards have been dealt with: —     an integrated feed device; —     a device for scoring; —     an angle cutting device; —     a middle support device; —     programmable end stops for parallel vertical cuts; —     a device for grooving with a milling tool with a cutting width not exceeding 27 mm; —     a panel pusher; —     a panel lowering device; —     stop devices for workpiece during horizontal cuts. The machines are designed for cutting panels consisting of: a)       solid wood; b)       material with similar physical characteristics to wood (see ISO 19085-1:2021, 3.2); c)        composite materials with core consisting, for example, of polyurethane or mineral material laminated with light alloy; d)       polymer-matrix composite materials and reinforced thermoplastic/thermoset/elastomeric materials; e)       gypsum boards, gypsum bounded fibreboards; f)         honeycomb aluminium boards; g)       matrix engineered mineral boards, silicate boards; h)       aluminium light alloy plates; i)         composite boards made from the materials listed above. This document does not apply to machines —     with pressure beam and saw unit mounted behind the workpiece support, —     where the guide rails on which the saw unit moves vertically are fixed on the machine frame and the horizontal cut can only be made by manually feeding the panel, —     designed to cut in vertical direction only, —     automatically performing two or more cutting cycles in sequence, —     intended for use in potentially explosive atmosphere, and —     manufactured prior to the publication of this document.

 

This document specifies the safety requirements and measures for wide belt sanding machines (defined in 3.1) and for surface treating machines (defined in 3.2) capable of continuous production use, altogether referred to as “machines”. This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, as listed in Annex A, relevant to the machines, when operated, adjusted and maintained as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer, including reasonably foreseeable misuse. Transport, assembly, dismantling, disabling and scrapping phases are also taken into account. This document is also applicable to machines fitted with one or more of the following devices/additional working units, whose hazards have been dealt with: —     transversal sanding unit; —     cleaning brushing unit; —     satining roller unit; —     disk brushing unit; —     texturing brushing roller unit; —     texturing brushing belt unit; —     cutterblock unit; —     texturing band saw unit; —     spiked roller unit; —     multi blade unit; —     conveyor directly controlled by the machine; —     additional workpiece vacuum clamping device; —     antistatic bar unit. NOTE 1        An antistatic bar is a device that eliminates electrostatic charges on the workpiece to ease its subsequent cleaning from dust by airflow. This document is also applicable to machines fitted with a laser engraving unit, but the specific hazards of this unit have not been dealt with. The machines are designed to process workpieces with flat surface and even thickness, in shape of panels or beams or frames, consisting of: a)       solid wood; b)       material with similar physical characteristics to wood (see ISO 19085-1:2021, 3.2); c)        gypsum boards, gypsum bounded fibreboards; d)       composite materials with core consisting of, e.g. polyurethane or mineral material; e)       composite boards made from the materials listed above; f)         all materials listed above, already lacquered. This document does not deal with hazards related to: —     specific devices other than those listed above; —     access through in-feed and out-feed openings of machines with a work piece height capacity greater than 700 mm; —     systems for powered loading or unloading, or both, of the workpiece to or from a single machine; NOTE 2        Loading the machine manually includes manually placing the workpiece onto a conveyor directly controlled by the machine. Unloading the machine manually includes manually removing the workpiece from a conveyor directly controlled by the machine. —     out-feed workpieces on machines with feed speed higher than 60 m/min; —     interfacing of the machine with any other machine. This document is not applicable to machines intended for use in a potentially explosive atmosphere and to machines manufactured prior to the date of its publication.

 

This document gives the safety requirements and measures for four-sided moulding machines, capable of continuous production use, with a maximum working width of 350 mm and a maximum speed of the integrated workpiece feed of 200 m/min, hereinafter referred to as “machines”, designed to cut solid wood and materials with similar physical characteristics to wood (see ISO 19085-1:2021, 3.2). It deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, listed in Annex A, relevant to the machines, when operated, adjusted and maintained as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer; reasonably foreseeable misuse has been considered too. Also, transport, assembly, dismantling, disabling and scrapping phases are taken into account. It is also applicable to machines fitted with one or more of the following devices / additional working units, whose hazards have been dealt with: —    universal spindle; —    glass bead saw unit; —    fixed or movable workpiece support; —    quick tool changing system; —    laser marking unit; —    automatic workpiece returner; —    in-feed hopper; —    loading magazine; —    unloading table. This document does not deal with any hazards related to: a) in-feed devices other than in-feed hopper and loading magazine; NOTE 1      For mechanical in-feed devices which also prevent access to the in-feed opening, see 6.6.4. b) out-feed devices other than unloading table, except for hazards related to ejection from the machine due to climb cutting; c) out-feed of workpieces on machines with feed speed higher than 60 m/min; NOTE 2      Machines with feed speed higher than 60 m/min are usually combined with mechanical unloading and workpiece transfer systems. d) machines being used in combination with any other machine (as part of a line). It is not applicable to machines intended for use in potentially explosive atmosphere and to machines manufactured prior to its publication.

 

 

 

This document specifies requirements and recommendations to be followed prior to carrying out dimensional measurements on three-dimensional (3D) volumetric X-ray Computed Tomographic (XCT) data of additive manufacturing (AM) series production parts. It is applicable to cone beam XCT systems. However, these requirements and recommendations can be transposed to non-medical fan beam XCT systems, but they are limited to standard XCT trajectories (circular and helical) and standard reconstructions. The proposed methodology in this document is restricted to the qualification and validation of an XCT system prior to proceeding to dimensional measurements on specific AM series production parts and cannot be generalised to any application. This document provides a method to evaluate XCT dimensional measurement accuracy. However, it does not claim to provide a definitive method, given the complexity of an XCT process. For the same reason, it is addressed to qualified XCT operators with the support of metrology experts. This document is dedicated to AM series production parts and its aim is to provide a methodology for controlling the geometric specificities associated with AM (internal shapes, lattice structures). It is applicable on parts that are fabricated by any type of AM categories of processes and material provided the X-ray penetration lengths are sufficient to scan the test part.

 

This document specifies failure mode areas that are applicable to any additive manufacturing (AM) process category. NOTE 1 Process categories are defined in ISO/ASTM 52900. It lists examples of state-of-the-art failure modes, which possibly lead to risks within AM parts and equipment. It provides informative examples of corresponding failure effects and mitigation actions. This document gives guidance to help part manufacturers in their risk management. This document maps risks of AM processes described in ISO/ASTM 52920. This document does not cover risks related to: — specific to environment, health and safety (EHS) issues; — application specific designs; — application specific usage of products; — part specific input and output parameters; and — specific AM systems and process types. NOTE 1 Guidance on AM process category specific failure modes will be addressed in other parts of ISO/ASTM 52954, including but not limited to PBF-LB/M, PBF-LB/P, MEX, MJT, BJT, and DED.

 

This document defines the rules to be applied for symbolic representation of welded joints. This can include information about the geometry, manufacture, quality and testing of the welds. The symbols are intended to enable standardized representation of the welds to be made, For the purposes of this document, drawings can be on paper or generated using electronic means e.g. CAD systems. It is recognized that there are two different approaches in the global market to designate the arrow side and other side. In this document: — clauses, tables and figures which carry the suffix "system A" are applicable only to the symbolic representation system based on a dual reference line; — clauses, tables and figures which carry the suffix "system B" are applicable only to the symbolic representation system based on a single reference line; — clauses, tables and figures which do not have the suffix "system A" or "system B" are applicable to both systems. The symbols shown in this document can be combined with other symbols, for example to show surface finish requirements. An alternative designation method is presented which can be used to represent welded joints by specifying essential design information such as weld dimensions, quality level, etc. The joint preparation and welding process(es) are then determined by the production unit in order to meet the specified requirements. The principles of this document can also be applied to soldered and brazed joints. NOTE Examples given in this document, including dimensions, are illustrative only and are intended to demonstrate the proper application of principles.

 

This document specifies a method for the determination of subcritical crack growth parameters of advanced monolithic technical ceramics in the temperature range 15 °C to 30 °C by measuring the dependence of mean flexural strength on the rate of loading. The method is based on strength test procedures described in EN 843 1. The applicability of this method is limited by specific requirements for a low scatter of the initial strength of the test pieces and an upper limit of the stress load rate for the data points considered. This document is not applicable to test pieces with artificially introduced flaws or cracks.

 

This document specifies requirements against all significant hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events relevant to booths for the application of coating material, when they are used as intended, including reasonably foreseeable misuse. See Annex A for significant hazards. This document also specifies recommendations for minimizing environmental impact of booths for the application of coating material. See Annex F for recommendations for minimizing environmental impact and energy usage. Interfaces between booths and other machinery used in application of coating material are given in Figure 1. The specific significant risks related to the use of this machinery with foodstuff and pharmaceutical products are not dealt with in this document. The specific significant risks related to drying operation of combined booths for application and drying of coating material are not dealt with in this document, but in EN 1539:2015. [Figure 1] This document is not applicable to: - spaces for application of coating material consisting only of an extraction wall; - platforms attached to booths (e.g. for touch-up jobs); - booths for application of flock (see EN 50223:2015); - airflow requirements for booths with airflow from horizontal inlet to vertical extraction. This document is not applicable to machinery manufactured before the date of its publication as European Standard.

 

This document specifies the technical delivery requirements for open die forgings, forged bars and products pre-forged and finished in ring rolling mills, manufactured from non-alloy quality and special steels and supplied in the normalized, normalized and tempered, quenched and tempered or annealed condition. The majority of steels listed in this document, with properties in the quenched and tempered condition up to 160 mm thickness, are identical to steels specified in EN ISO 683-1 and EN ISO 683-2 and more extensive information on hardenability and technological properties is given in these standards. General information on technical delivery conditions is given in EN 10021.

 

The document provides: — guidelines for determining the thermal effects to consider on fire barriers inside a given room; — guidelines for determining the global performance of the fire barriers based on standard test characterization; — guidelines for assessing the need for additional tests to verify the robustness of the solution. Requirements of applicable standards, numerical tools validation and verification (V&V), and the expected qualification of fire resistance laboratories are detailed. The limitations of the method’s applicability and scope are discussed. The purpose and justification of this document is to specify a method for the verification of the performance of fire barriers, which is initially based on a standardized fire resistance test.

 

This document specifies a test method for low temperature mechanical properties of electrical insulation materials of superconducting magnets made from cable-in-conduit with stainless steel jacket for application. The important superconducting magnets mainly include magnetic confinement fusion experimental devices and other magnet confinement fusion devices. The main insulation materials include glass fibres, polyimide films and resin systems. The main mechanical properties include tensile strength, shear strength, compression shear stress, push-out strength and the strength after fatigue.