Metalliteollisuuden Standardisointiyhdistys

 

 

This document describes a test method for the determination of the fracture toughness of monolithic ceramic thin plates at room temperature by the single-edge precracked plate method or the single-edge V-notch plate method. This document is intended for use with monolithic ceramics and whisker- or particulate-reinforced ceramics which are regarded as macroscopically homogeneous. It does not include continuous-fibre-reinforced ceramics composites. This document is applicable to ceramic thin plates with a thickness of 0,2 mm to =1,0 mm. The single-edge V-notch plate method can be applied to monolithic ceramics with a grain size larger than about 1 µm. The use of this method is inappropriate for yttria tetragonal zirconia polycrystal material (Y-TZP), which consists of homogeneous fine submicron grains. The method might also be unsuitable for some other very tough or soft ceramics in which a sharp crack does not form at the root of the V-notch. This document is applicable for material development, material comparison, quality assurance, characterization, reliability and design data generation. The Scope clause is a mandatory element of the text. For rules on the drafting of the Scope, refer to the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2:2018, Clause 14.

 

This document applies to small craft and defines a practical degree of fire prevention and protection intended to provide enough time for occupants to escape a fire on board small craft. This document does not apply to: — the design and installation of permanently installed galley stoves and heating appliances (including components used to distribute the heat) using fuels that are liquid at atmospheric pressure on small craft, which are covered by ISO 14895; — personal watercraft; — carbon monoxide detecting systems, which are covered by ISO 12133:2021 [1]; — portable equipment containing lithium-ion batteries.

 

This document defines a practical degree of fire prevention and protection intended to provide enough time for occupants to escape a fire on board small craft. It applies to small craft having a length of the hull (LH) of up to 24 m except for personal watercraft. This document does not cover: —    the design and installation of permanently installed galley stoves and heating appliances (including components used to distribute the heat) using fuels that are liquid at atmospheric pressure on small craft, which are covered by ISO 14895:2016; —    carbon monoxide detecting systems, which are covered by ISO 12133.

 

This document specifies the requirements for safeguards against excessive pressure in shell boilers as defined in EN 12953-1:2025.

 

This document includes compliance monitoring, safety, security, privacy and other organisational requirements for providers in the context of UAS traffic management services. Counter-UAS is not considered an UTM service.

 

This document specifies two ultrasonic acceptance levels known as acceptance level 2 (AL 2) and acceptance level 3 (AL 3) for full penetration welded joints in ferritic steels, in accordance with the quality levels of iso:proj:80209ISO 5817. These acceptance levels are applicable to testing carried out in accordance with ISO 17640. This document applies to the testing of fusion-welded joints in metallic materials with low sound attenuation (especially that due to scatter) with thicknesses from 8 mm to 100 mm. It is primarily intended for use on full penetration welded joints where both the welded and parent materials are ferritic. It can also be used for other types of welds, materials and thicknesses, provided the tests have been performed with necessary consideration of the geometry and acoustic properties of the component, and an adequate sensitivity can be employed to enable the acceptance levels of this document to be applied. The nominal frequency of probes used in this document is between 2 MHz and 5 MHz, unless attenuation or requirements for higher resolution call for other frequencies. It is important to consider the use of these acceptance levels in conjunction with frequencies outside this range carefully.

 

This document provides general requirements and recommendations based on ergonomic principles to improve the quality of services in situations where service providers and users interact. The purpose of this document is to improve service quality for service users by applying ergonomic principles. Therefore, this document specifies considerations for all users in service provision. This document is not limited to specific service types and applies to a wide range of services; details of the services covered are given in Annex C. This document is intended for use by the following types of target groups: 1. Groups that provide services directly — Service providers who provide services directly to users 2. Groups that plan and manage the services — Those who are responsible for planning, managing and operationalising service provision. — Those who procure services — Those who plan and create services 3. Groups that evaluate services — Those who evaluate services by conducting research on and identifying user needs and behaviours NOTE 1 Service providers may be governments, enterprises or individuals and may be for-profit or not-for-profit. NOTE 2 This document does not specify the requirements and recommendations for the organizational management practices of service provision, nor does it address ergonomic aspects related to employees. For organizational ergonomic principles, see ISO 27500 series on human-centered organization.

 

This document specifies the application of phased array technology for the semi- or fully automated ultrasonic testing of fusion-welded joints in steel parts with thickness values between and including 3,2 mm and 8,0 mm. This meets the typical range of tube wall thickness values in boilers, which is an important application of this testing technology. The minimum and maximum value of the wall thickness range can be exceeded, when testing level “D” of this document is applied. This document applies to full penetration welded joints of simple geometry in plates, tubes, pipes, and vessels, where both the weld and parent material are low-alloy and/or fine grained steel. NOTE “Semi-automated testing” encompasses a controlled movement of one or more probes on the surface of a component along a fixture (guidance strip, ruler, etc.), whereby the probe position is unambiguously measured with a position sensor. The probe is moved manually. “Fully automated testing” includes mechanized propulsion in addition. Where material-dependent ultrasonic parameters are specified in this document, they are based on steels having a sound velocity of (5 920 ± 50) m/s for longitudinal waves, and (3 255 ± 30) m/s for transverse waves. It is necessary to take this fact into account when testing materials with a different velocity. This document provides guidance on the specific capabilities and limitations of phased array technology for the detection, location, sizing and characterization of discontinuities in fusion-welded joints. Ultrasonic phased array technology can be used as a stand-alone technique or in combination with other non-destructive testing (NDT) methods or techniques, during manufacturing and testing of new welds/repair welds (pre-service testing). This document specifies two testing levels: level “C” for standard situations; — level “D” for different situations/special applications. This document describes assessment of discontinuities for acceptance purposes based on: height and length; — amplitude (equivalent reflector size) and length; — go/no-go decision. This document does not include acceptance levels for discontinuities.

 

This document specifies how to characterize indications from discontinuities by classifying them as originating from planar or non-planar embedded discontinuities. This procedure is also suitable for indications from discontinuities that break the surface after removal of the weld reinforcement.

 

 

This document specifies techniques for the manual ultrasonic testing of fusion-welded joints in metallic materials with low sound attenuation (especially that due to scatter) of minimum thickness 8 mm. It is primarily intended for use on full penetration welded joints where both the welded and parent materials are ferritic. It applies at object temperatures from 0 °C to 60 °C. Where material-dependent ultrasonic values are specified in this document, they are based on steels having an ultrasonic sound velocity of (5 920 ± 50) m/s for longitudinal waves and (3 255 ± 30) m/s for transverse waves. This document specifies four testing levels, A, B, C and D, each corresponding to a different probability of detection of imperfections. Guidance on the selection of testing levels A, B, and C is given in Annex A. This document specifies that the requirements of testing level D, which is intended for special applications, be in accordance with general requirements. Testing level D can only be used when defined by specification. This includes tests of metals other than ferritic steel, tests on partial penetration welds, tests with automated equipment, and tests at object temperatures outside the range 0 °C to 60 °C. This document can be used for the assessment of discontinuities, for acceptance purposes, by either of the following techniques: a) evaluation based primarily on length and echo amplitude of the discontinuity; b) evaluation based on characterization and sizing of the discontinuity by probe movement techniques.

 

ISO 11666:2018 specifies two ultrasonic acceptance levels known as acceptance level 2 (AL 2) and acceptance level 3 (AL 3) for full penetration welded joints in ferritic steels, which correspond to ISO 5817:2014, quality levels B and C. An acceptance level corresponding to ISO 5817:2014, quality level D is not included in this document, as ultrasonic testing is generally not requested for this weld quality. These acceptance levels are applicable to testing carried out in accordance with ISO 17640. ISO 11666:2018 applies to the testing of full penetration ferritic steel welds, with thicknesses from 8 mm to 100 mm. It can also be used for other types of welds, materials and thicknesses, provided the tests have been performed with necessary consideration of the geometry and acoustic properties of the component, and an adequate sensitivity can be employed to enable the acceptance levels of this document to be applied. The nominal frequency of probes used in this document is between 2 MHz and 5 MHz, unless attenuation or requirements for higher resolution call for other frequencies. It is important to consider the use of these acceptance levels in conjunction with frequencies outside this range carefully.

 

This document specifies techniques for the manual ultrasonic testing of fusion-welded joints in metallic materials of thickness =8 mm which exhibit low ultrasonic attenuation (especially that due to scatter) at object temperatures from 0 °C to 60 °C. It is primarily intended for use on full penetration welded joints where both the welded and parent material are ferritic. Where material-dependent ultrasonic values are specified in this document, they are based on steels having an ultrasonic sound velocity of (5 920 ± 50) m/s for longitudinal waves and (3 255 ± 30) m/s for transverse waves. This document specifies four testing levels, each corresponding to a different probability of detection of imperfections. Guidance on the selection of testing levels A, B, and C is given in Annex A. This document specifies that the requirements of testing level D, which is intended for special applications, be in accordance with general requirements. Testing level D can only be used when defined by specification. This includes tests of metals other than ferritic steel, tests on partial penetration welds, tests with automated equipment, and tests at object temperatures outside the range 0 °C to 60 °C. This document can be used for the assessment of discontinuities, for acceptance purposes, by either of the following techniques: a) evaluation based primarily on length and echo amplitude of the discontinuity; b) evaluation based on characterization and sizing of the discontinuity by probe movement techniques.

 

This document specifies dimensions, materials and performance requirements, including methods of test, for pressure safety valves, of nominal sizes from DN 15 to DN 40, having working pressures from 0,1 MPa (1 bar) to 1,0 MPa (10 bar). Pressure safety valves are intended for fitting to the potable water supply of storage water heaters, having a maximum storage temperature of 95 °C. Pressure safety valves limit the pressure in hot water heaters. Pressure safety valves do not control the temperature and alone do not constitute the protection required for storage water heaters. They are not intended to act as expansion valves under normal conditions. NOTE The use of the device specified in this document does not override the need to use controls (e.g. thermostats and cut-outs) which act directly on the power sources of water heaters (for more information see Annex A).

 

This document specifies the application of phased array technology for the semi- or fully automated ultrasonic testing of fusion-welded joints in steel parts with thickness values between 3,2 mm and 8,0 mm. This meets the typical range of tube wall thickness values in boilers, which is an important application of this testing technology. The minimum and maximum value of the wall thickness range can be exceeded, when testing level "D" of this document is applied. This document applies to full penetration welded joints of simple geometry in plates, tubes, pipes, and vessels, where both the weld and parent material are low-alloy and/or fine grained steel. NOTE "Semi-automated testing" encompasses a controlled movement of one or more probes on the surface of a component along a fixture (guidance strip, ruler, etc.), whereby the probe position is unambiguously measured with a position sensor. The probe is moved manually. "Fully automated testing" includes mechanized propulsion in addition. Where material-dependent ultrasonic parameters are specified in this document, they are based on steels having a sound velocity of (5 920 ± 50) m/s for longitudinal waves, and (3 255 ± 30) m/s for transverse waves. It is necessary to take this fact into account when testing materials with a different velocity. This document provides guidance on the specific capabilities and limitations of phased array technology for the detection, location, sizing and characterization of discontinuities in fusion-welded joints. Ultrasonic phased array technology can be used as a stand-alone technique or in combination with other non-destructive testing (NDT) methods or techniques, during manufacturing and testing of new welds/repair welds (pre-service testing). This document specifies two testing levels: — level "C" for standard situations; — level "D" for different situations/special applications. This document describes assessment of discontinuities for acceptance purposes based on: — height and length; — amplitude (equivalent reflector size) and length; — go/no-go decision. This document does not include acceptance levels for discontinuities.

 

ISO 23279:2017 specifies how to characterize indications from discontinuities by classifying them as originating from planar or non-planar embedded discontinuities. This procedure is also suitable for indications from discontinuities that break the surface after removal of the weld reinforcement.

 

This document specifies dimensions, materials and performance requirements (including methods of test) for expansion valves, of nominal sizes from DN 15 to DN 50, having working pressures ) from 0,1 MPa (1 bar) to 1,0 MPa (10 bar). Expansion valves are intended for fitting to the cold potable water supply of storage water heaters, having a maximum distribution temperature of 95 °C, for all energy sources. Expansion valves do not control the temperature and alone do not constitute the protection required for storage water heaters. Expansion valves limit pressure, in the water heaters to what they are fitted, that is produced by thermal expansion of the water. NOTE The use of the device specified in this document does not override the need to use controls (e.g. thermostats and cut-outs) which act directly on the power sources of water heaters (for more information see Annex A).

 

This document specifies dimensions, materials and performance requirements, including methods of test, for hydraulic safety groups, of nominal sizes from DN 15 to DN 25, having working pressures from 0,1 MPa (1 bar) to 1,0 MPa (10 bar). Hydraulic safety groups are intended for fitting to the potable water supply of storage water heaters, having a maximum storage temperature of 95 °C. Hydraulic safety groups limit the pressure in hot water heaters, prevent the backflow of water into the main circuit and prevent the discharged water to get into contact with the water in the water heater. Hydraulic safety groups do not control the temperature. They ensure the hydraulic safety of water heaters if the mechanical resistance of the water heater remains at least equal to the rating pressure. NOTE The use of the device specified in this document does not override the need to use controls (e.g. thermostats and cut-outs) which act directly on the power sources of water heaters (for more information see Annex A).

 

This document is applicable to metallic stop valves for use with water intended for human consumption. This document specifies: — requirements for the design of stop valves; — mechanical, hydraulic and acoustic requirements; — test methods; — marking requirements. This document is applicable to metallic stop valves, dimensions DN 10 to DN 100, for potable water installation in buildings for PN10 or PN16 and a distribution temperature of 65 °C. This document is applicable to stop valves in combination with accessories in the same body. This document is not applicable to regulating or servicing valves, designed specially to isolate sanitary tapware or other sanitary appliances.