SFS Suomen Standardit

 

This part of EN 16905 specifies the calculation of the seasonal performance factor for gas-fired endothermic engine driven heat pumps for heating and/or cooling mode including the engine heat recovery, to be used outdoors. This document only applies to appliances with a maximum heat input (based on net calorific value) not exceeding 70 kW at standard rating conditions. This document only applies to appliances under categories I2H, I2E, I2Er, I2R, I2E(S)B, I2L, I2LL, I2ELL, I2E(R)B, I2ESi, I2E(R), I3P, I3B, I3B/P, II2H3+, II2Er3+, II2H3B/P, II2L3B/P, II2E3B/P, II2ELL3B/P, II2L3P, II2H3P, II2E3P and II2Er3P according to EN 437. This document only applies to appliances having: a) gas fired endothermic engines under the control of fully automatic control systems; b) closed system refrigerant circuits in which the refrigerant does not come into direct contact with the fluid to be cooled or heated; c) where the temperature of the heat transfer fluid of the heating system (heating water circuit) does not exceed 105 °C during normal operation; d) where the maximum operating pressure in the: 1) heating water circuit (if installed) does not exceed 6 bar, 2) domestic hot water circuit (if installed) does not exceed 10 bar. This document applies to GEHP appliances only when used for space heating or space cooling or for refrigeration, with or without heat recovery. This document is applicable to GEHP appliances that are intended to be type tested. Requirements for GEHP appliances that are not type tested would need to be subject to further consideration.

 

This document describes a taxonomy of the AI tasks related to computer vision. It includes AI tasks pertaining to either the analysis or generation of images and videos.

 

 

This document specifies the characteristics of self-locking hexagonal nuts in FE-PA92HT, MoS2 coated, for aerospace applications. Classification: 1 100 MPa1/425 °C2.

 

This document specifies an implementation schema based on the content models for geographic imagery and gridded thematic data defined in the ISO/TS 19163-1. This document defines a structure that is suitable for binding content components and specific encoding formats. It also provides an implementation schema for binding a concrete, implementable, conformance-testable coverage structure as defined in ISO 19123-2.

 

This document specifies video coding technologies for machine consumption. Conventional video coding technologies aim for the best video under certain bit-rate constraints for human consumption. However, with the emergence of artificial intelligence systems, along with the abundance of sensors, many artificial intelligence platforms have been implemented with massive data requirements including scenarios such as connected vehicles, video surveillance, and smart city. The sheer quantity of data being produced constantly leads previous methods with a human in the pipeline to be inefficient and unrealistic in terms of latency and scale. There are additional concerns in transmission and archive systems which require a more compact data representation and low latency solution. This led to the introduction of the Video Coding for Machines standard specified in this document. In some cases, machines will communicate amongst themselves to perform tasks without a human in the mix, while in others there will be a need for additional human consumption of the specific decompressed stream. This specific scenario is possible in surveillance use cases, where a human “supervisor” occasionally searches for a specific person, or scene in video. In other cases, the corresponding bitstream is used for both human and machine consumption. The syntax, semantics, and decoding processes that are required to decode a bitstream are described in this document.

 

This document specifies an implementation schema based on the content models for geographic imagery and gridded thematic data defined in the iso:proj:32581ISO/TS 19163-1:2016. This document defines a structure that is suitable for binding content components and specific encoding formats. It also provides an implementation schema for binding a concrete, implementable, conformance-testable coverage structure as defined in ISO 19123-2 [2].

 

This document provides guidance for organizations seeking to address resource and waste-related environmental aspects, environmental impacts, environmental conditions, and the associated risks and opportunities within an environmental management system in accordance with ISO 14001. In line with the life cycle perspective set out by ISO 14001, the document addresses environmental aspects and associated impacts across the life cycle including the extraction, processing, use, recovery and other forms of treatment of resources. The document considers approaches for long-term resource conservation and managing resource dependencies. It also addresses the interconnections of resources with the ecosystems from which they are derived and takes a systems approach to mitigate environmental impacts of resource use on ecosystems, ecosystem services, and biodiversity, as well as human life and well-being. This document addresses all types of physical resources, such as biotic and abiotic raw materials, chemical substances and secondary materials and all types of waste. For the purposes of this document waste is considered as a recoverable resource. NOTE Further guidance on addressing environmental aspects and conditions related to water is provided in ISO 14002-2:2023 [1] . Guidance on addressing environmental aspects and conditions related to climate change mitigation and adaptation is provided in ISO/DIS 14002-3 [2] This document is applicable to organizations irrespective of their type, size, financial resources, location and sector, position(s) within the life cycle or the types of resources used in their operations.

 

Inclusive terminology is terminology perceived or likely to be perceived as neutral or welcoming by everyone, regardless of their sex, gender, race, colour, religion or any other characteristic. This document specifies requirements, recommendations and guidance on the use of inclusive terminology for human and machine readable content in the information and communication technology sector. This document is intended for anyone who interacts with such content, including developers, engineers, administrators, linguists, policy makers and users.

 

This document consists of:

— Processes for identifying terms with negative connotations;

— Processes for replacing and mitigating terms with negative connotations;

— A list of common terms with negative connotations.

 

The specific terms and discussion of gendered language in this document apply to the English language.

 

This document specifies the interfaces of a video decoding engine as well as the operations related to elementary streams and metadata that can be performed by this video decoding engine. To support those operations, this document also specifies SEI messages when necessary for certain video codecs.

 

 

ISO 10426-1:2009 specifies requirements and gives recommendations for six classes of well cements, including their chemical and physical requirements and procedures for physical testing. ISO 10426-1:2009 is applicable to well cement classes A, B, C and D, which are the products obtained by grinding Portland cement clinker and, if needed, calcium sulfate as an interground additive. Processing additives can be used in the manufacture of cement of these classes. Suitable set-modifying agents can be interground or blended during manufacture of class D cement. ISO 10426-1:2009 is also applicable to well cement classes G and H, which are the products obtained by grinding clinker with no additives other than one or more forms of calcium sulfate, water or chemical additives as required for chromium (VI) reduction.

 

This document includes an electronic attachment containing the conformance bitstreams identified within the text. The bitstreams can also be downloaded from the ITU-T Test Signal Database. specifies a set of tests and procedures designed to indicate whether encoders or decoders meet the requirements specified in ISO/IEC 23090-29:2025. The reference software includes both encoder and decoder functionality.

 

This document describes a methodology for specifying the privileges necessary to access EHR data. This methodology forms part of the overall EHR communications architecture defined in ISO 13606-1. This document seeks to address those requirements uniquely pertaining to EHR communications and to represent and communicate EHR-specific information that will inform an access decision. It also refers to general security requirements that apply to EHR communications and points at technical solutions and standards that specify details on services meeting these security needs. NOTE Security requirements for EHR systems not related to the communication of EHRs are outside the scope of this document.

 

This document specifies the safety requirements and test methods for child safety barriers for domestic indoor use. This document does not apply to products designed to be fitted across windows. If the safety barrier has other functions not covered in this document, the relevant European Standard(s) apply.

 

This document specifies safety requirements and test methods for children’s bedguards for domestic use intended for use with junior or adult beds. These bedguards, when used in conjunction with a bed/mattress combination, are intended to prevent children aged between 18 months and 4 years from falling out of bed. This document is not applicable to bedguards designed for adult use, or to bedguards which are an integral part of a bed, i.e. a permanent fixture not intended to be detached. If the bedguard has several functions or can be converted into another function, the relevant European standard(s) apply.

 

This document specifies a general method of using a dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) for measuring the rheological properties of bituminous binders. The procedure involves determining the complex shear modulus and phase angle of binders over a range of test frequencies and test temperatures when tested in oscillatory shear. From the test, the complex shear modulus, |G*|, and its phase angle, d, at a given temperature and frequency are calculated, as well as the components G' and G" of the complex shear modulus. This method is applicable to un-aged, aged, stabilized and recovered bituminous binders. The test procedure in accordance with this document is not applicable for bituminous binders with particles larger than 250 µm (e.g. filler material, granulated rubber). WARNING - The use of this document can involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This document does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this document to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

 

This document specifies the Binder Fast Characterization Test (for short: BTSV test, German: Bitumen-Typisierungs-Schnell-Verfahren). The test is conducted using a Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR). It is used to characterize bitumen and bituminous binders and to assess the deformation behaviour at high service temperatures. The test procedure described in this document covers the testing of paving grade bitumen or modified bitumen, as fresh (unused) binders, as well as binders after laboratory ageing conditioning (e.g. EN 12607-1, EN 14769), and also binders that have been recovered from asphalt mixtures. The test procedure in accordance with this document is not applicable for bituminous binders with particles larger than 250 µm (e.g. filler material, granulated rubber). NOTE The test procedure has not been applied on bituminous binders recovered from bitumen emulsions yet. The test determines the temperature and the associated phase angle at which a bituminous binder exhibits a defined complex shear modulus in stress-controlled oscillation mode at constant frequency and with continuous increase of the test temperature. WARNING - The use of this document can involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This document does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this document to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to ensure that regulatory requirements are fulfilled prior to application of this document. This document involves handling of apparatus and binders at very high temperatures. Always wear protective gloves and eyewear when handling hot binders, and avoid contact with any exposed, unprotected skin.

 

This document is aimed at those organisations wanting to create, fair, valid and reliable assessments in any context. The word high-stakes is often used, as opposed to low-stakes exams which are used in a formative context. The document takes a user through the process that they need to go through to create assessments and also identifies key roles within the assessment process. This Standard provides comprehensive guidelines on the application of information technology (IT) in delivering assessments. It outlines the scope of IT usage across various types of assessments, detailing the life cycle stages, security protocols, and privacy considerations specific to IT-enabled assessments.

 

The standard covers a broad range of assessment types, each tailored to specific contexts and objectives. These types of assessments ensure that the standard can be applied across various domains, from education to professional certification, and each has distinct characteristics and requirements. The key aspect of this is that the exams are high-stakes and have some specific use case, rather than for formative assessment, which typically has less rigorous requirements for creation and delivery. The primary types of assessment covered in the standard: a) K-12 Assessments b) Academic Assessments c) Employment Testing d) Professional Certification

 

The assessment lifecycle is a comprehensive process that encompasses the various stages involved in the creation, implementation, and evaluation of assessments. Although assessment procedures vary, the typical life cycle of assessment consists of the following steps: a) identification of need to assess b) design of outcomes/rubrics/assessment methodology c) creation, preparation and calibration of content d) preparation of assessment content (includes computer adaptive test engine/model) e) registration (may include payment) f) distribution g) authentication (includes identification) h) delivery i) response return (and/or submission) j) irregularities k) scoring, result determination and/or feedback l) data return m) analysis n) appeals and o) credentialing (certification, licensure, degree, badge, micro-credential, etc.) The design and instruments for computer adaptive testing and assessment methodology are not covered by this Standard. However, when IT is used for delivery, the relevant clauses of this Standard should be considered during the lifecycle.

 

The emphasis throughout this Standard is on the additional and distinct measures required with the integration of modern IT in assessment systems. While measures that are common to both traditional paper-based and IT-delivered assessments are mentioned only in general terms, this Standard addresses the novel challenges and opportunities introduced by digital technologies. This edition expands on the previous version by incorporating advanced technologies that were not previously covered. These include, but are not limited to, AI-assisted scoring, automatic feedback systems, adaptive testing, and remote proctoring solutions. The use of IT now supports a more comprehensive range of assessment functions: AI-Based Automated Scoring and Feedback: Modern systems employ machine learning algorithms to provide instant scoring and multi-dimensional feedback. Although the quality and validity of the assessment content remain paramount, IT is now capable of offering detailed, rubric-based evaluations that can be reviewed and validated by human markers. Adaptive Testing and Dynamic Item Banking: The introduction of computerized adaptive testing (CAT) and robust item banking systems allows assessments to adjust in real time to the test-taker’s ability, ensuring a more personalized and efficient measurement of competency. IT supports the maintenance and continuous updating of these item banks, including automatic generation and statistical calibration of test items. Remote Proctoring and Data Security: The transition to online assessments has necessitated the incorporation of remote proctoring technologies that combine AI monitoring with human oversight to mitigate fraud while safeguarding student privacy. This Standard specifies requirements for secure data transmission, storage, and compliance with international data protection regulations such as GDPR and ISO/IEC 27001. Learning Analytics and Data-Driven Decision Making: IT now plays a significant role in collecting and analyzing assessment data, enabling educators to leverage learning analytics for real-time feedback, formative assessment, and instructional adjustments. The interface between assessment content and IT delivery is enhanced to support a data-driven approach to both scoring and pedagogical decision-making. It is important to note that this Standard does not address the purely pedagogical aspects of assessment design or the intrinsic quality of assessment content. Rather, it focuses on the IT mechanisms that implement pedagogical decisions, facilitate the efficient transmission and secure handling of assessment data, and enable innovative evaluation methods. Compliance with this Standard does not imply that an assessment is pedagogically robust; rather, it ensures that the IT infrastructure supporting the assessment adheres to best practices in security, transparency, and reliability. The scope includes: IT scoring systems that are designed for subsequent human review; The IT-facilitated transmission and delivery of assessments, where responses may be scored either automatically or by human markers; The provision of automated feedback and immediate result reporting, while result-determination processes requiring human judgment remain outside this scope. By addressing these enhanced IT aspects, this Standard aims to support the evolution of assessment practices in a digital age, ensuring that technological innovations are harnessed effectively while maintaining the validity and fairness of the assessment process.

 

The aim of this Standard is to articulate overarching principles and best practices without prescribing specific technical implementations. The recommendations can be achieved through a variety of technological or procedural approaches, reflecting the expanded range of modern IT applications—including AI-assisted scoring, adaptive testing, and remote proctoring—without being tied to any specific hardware or software platform. In many instances, the principles outlined herein may be supplemented by additional regulations set by assessment providers, ensuring that while the underlying IT-enabled processes evolve, the core values of validity, fairness, and security remain paramount. 1.6 Compliance Assessment sponsors, assessment distributors and assessment centres may claim compliance with this Standard if they comply with all the clauses or subclauses applicable to their role (see table below). Notes to the clauses indicate the role(s) to which each clause or subclause is applicable. This Standard is applicable to both high-stakes and low-stakes assessments, but some clauses or subclauses are applicable only to high-stakes assessments; this is indicated in Table 1. The scenarios given in Annex A illustrate how different types of organisation might need to comply with different clauses of this Standard.

 

This Standard defines the specifications of Natural Language Interaction Protocol (NLIP), which is an application-level communication protocol defined between AI Agents or between a human and an AI agent. The motivation, the design philosophy, exemplar use-cases, and examples of sample exchanges using the NLIP protocol are out of scope of this Standard.