Toimialayhteisöt

 

This document defines the requirements and verification methods from design to on-orbit operation for Satellite Based Passive Microwave Sensors. This document covers the requirements for, design, analysis, manufacturing, ground tests and on-orbit self-sensor calibration and validation. In addition, this document includes the conditions considered for on-orbit inter-comparison among sensors as preparation for cross-calibration. This document includes some examples on how to apply the development of passive microwave sensors as shown in Annex A through E.

 

This document specifies requirements for design, calculation, examinations and tests of hydraulic powered loader cranes and their mountings on vehicles or static foundations. This document applies to loader cranes designed to be installed on: - road vehicles, including trailers, with load carrying capability; - tractors (road or agricultural), where only a towed trailer has capability to carry goods; - demountable bodies to be carried by any of the above; - other types of carriers (e.g. separate loaders, crawlers, rail vehicles, non-seagoing vessels); - static foundations. NOTE 1 A demountable body is a detachable frame designed to be carried by a vehicle or trailer. NOTE 2 A separate loader is a vehicle, with no load carrying capacity, equipped with a loader crane and designed to load or unload other vehicles and trailers. This document also applies to loader cranes equipped with special tools or interchangeable equipment (e.g. grapple, clamshell bucket, pallet clamp, etc.), as specified in the operator’s manual. This document does not apply to loader cranes used on board sea going vessels or to articulated boom system cranes which are designed as total integral parts of special equipment such as forwarders. The hazards covered by this document are identified in Clause 4. This document does not cover hazards related to the lifting of persons. NOTE 3 The use of cranes for lifting of persons can be subject to specific national regulations. This document is not applicable to loader cranes manufactured before the publication of this document. For loader cranes designed before the publication of this document, the provisions concerning stress calculations in the version of EN 12999 that was valid at the time of their design, are still applicable.

 

This document specifies the safety requirements of self-propelled rough-terrain variable-reach trucks (hereafter referred to as trucks), intended to handle loads, equipped with a telescopic lifting means (pivoted boom), on which a load handling device (e.g. carriage and fork arms) is fitted. For the purpose of this document, rough-terrain variable-reach trucks are designed to transport, lift and place loads and can be driven on unimproved terrain. Fork arms are considered to be part of the truck. Trucks can also be equipped with a variety of attachments (e.g. bale spikes, mowers, sweepers). This document deals with all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to the trucks when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Annex A). This document does not apply to: — slewing rough-terrain variable-reach trucks covered by EN 1459 2:2015+A1:2018; — rough-terrain variable-reach tractors covered by prEN 17968:2025; — industrial variable reach trucks covered by EN ISO 3691 2:2023; — lorry-mounted variable-reach trucks covered by ISO 20297 1:2017; — variable-reach trucks fitted with tilting or elevating operator position; — mobile cranes covered by EN 13000:2010+A1:2014; — machines designed primarily for earth moving, even if their buckets and blades are replaced with forks (see EN 474 series); — trucks designed primarily with variable length load suspension elements (e.g. chain, ropes) from which the load may swing freely in all directions; — trucks designed primarily for container handling; — trucks on tracks; — trucks with articulated chassis; — attachments. This document does not cover sales literature. This document does not address hazards linked to: — operation of the truck from a position other than the normal operating position; — operation of the truck by a remote control; — gas power systems; — gasoline engine systems; — autonomous functions; — self-evolving behaviour; — hybrid or battery power systems having a voltage greater than 32 V DC or 21 V AC r.m.s. NOTE EN 1459-7:2026 deals with hybrid and battery power systems having a voltage greater than 32 V DC or 21 V AC r.m.s. This document does not address hazards which may occur: a) when handling suspended loads which may swing freely (additional requirements are given in EN 1459 4:2020+A1:2025); b) when using trucks on public roads; c) when operating in potentially explosive atmospheres (additional requirements are given in EN 1755:2024); d) when operating underground; e) when fitted with a personnel work platform (additional requirements are given in EN 1459 3:2015 and EN 1459 9:2021); f) when using system capable of controlling the speed of the truck as set by the operator (cruise-control). This document is not applicable to trucks manufactured before the date of its publication.

 

This document is applicable to helical steel suspension springs used in the suspension of rail vehicles. It deals specially with cylindrical compression springs made from round section steel bars of constant diameter and with constant inclination of coiling. It deals also with helical springs with different shapes (e.g. conical and/or inclination of coiling not constant and/or steel bar with other cross sections, etc.). This document gives guidance for: specification of technical and quality requirements; — the approval procedure and quality assurance of production methods; — the examinations and tests to be carried out; — the delivery conditions.

 

 

This document specifies the content and structure of specifications for research and test reactors, including sections relevant to radioactive waste management, spent fuel management, and decommissioning considerations for existing and new fission research reactors. It identifies the organizational, technical, and procedural elements that support the pre-decommissioning preparatory phase and associated operational interfaces. The scope includes guidance on defining decommissioning tasks, characterizing waste streams, and establishing administrative and operational arrangements that support safe and effective decommissioning. Considerations related to organizational capacity, turnover of research personnel, and the development of safety and safeguards competencies are addressed where relevant. The document also provides guidance on needs-based waste management pathways applicable to research reactors located on open or publicly accessible campuses or research centres. Safety and protection considerations addressed in this document include administrative and operational controls, as well as waste management and storage arrangements associated with decommissioning activities in areas with varying levels of access control. While many waste-management and decommissioning principles are common across nuclear facilities, this document applies these principles specifically to research and test reactors, reflecting their operational characteristics, scale, and regulatory context.

 

This document specifies the SAE J1939-based application layer, the payload of messages, and parameter groups for electronically controlled braking systems, including anti-lock braking systems (ABS), vehicle dynamics control systems (VDC), and running gear equipment, to ensure the interchange of digital information between road vehicles with a maximum authorized total mass greater than 3 500 kg and their towed vehicles, including communication between towed vehicles. Conformance and interoperability test plans are not part of this document.

 

This draft amendment explains all the changes and extensions to ISO/IEC 23092-2 (MPEG-G Part 2) required for supporting graph-based alignment and reference genome data.

 

This document specifies for - renewable and low-carbon methane rich gases for injection in the gas network - natural gas, renewable and low-carbon methane rich gases and mixtures thereof as fuel for engines This documents also specifies necessary related methods for sampling, analysis, and testing. This document applies to the previously mentioned gases irrespective of the storage state (compressed or liquefied). To check compliance with some requirements set by the standard, LNG or liquefied biomethane should be re-gasified prior to testing.

 

This document specifies the characteristics, qualification and acceptance requirements for self-locking shaft-nuts and threaded rings, with right- or left-hand MJ threads, in FE-PA2601, silver-plated, for aerospace applications. Temperature class: 450 °C . It is applicable whenever referenced.

 

This document specifies the characteristics of screws, 100° countersunk normal head, offset cruciform recess, close tolerance shank, short thread, in titanium alloy, aluminium IVD coated. Classification: 1 100 MPa /425 °C .

 

This document specifies the characteristics of silver plated bolts, normal hexagonal head with relieved shank and long thread in heat resisting steel FE-PA2601 (A286), for aerospace applications. Classification: 900 MPa /650 °C

 

This document specifies the characteristics of dummy receptacles in the family of bayonet coupling circular connectors, intended for use in an operating temperature range of -65 °C to 175 °C or 200 °C continuous. It applies to models specified in Table 3. For plugs associated with these dummy receptacles, see EN 3646 008.

 

 

This document specifies requirements for underground pipework systems used to transfer liquid fuels and their vapours at petrol filling stations. Minimum performance requirements covering fitness for purpose, safety and environmental protection are given. This document is applicable to pipework made from thermoplastics, which can include some degree of reinforcement, and to flexible metal pipework. It does not apply to fibre reinforced thermosets, commonly referred to as glass fibre reinforced plastic (GRP), nor to rigid metals. This document is applicable to: - delivery pipes from tanks to dispensers, including positive pressure, vacuum suction and siphon modes; - fill pipes from road tankers to tanks; - vapour recovery and vent pipework; - pipework for secondary containment; - fittings. It does not apply to pipework for use with liquefied petroleum gas.

 

This document specifies a method for the determination of the velocity of propagation of pulses of ultrasonic longitudinal waves in natural stone, both in laboratory and in situ.

 

1.1 Scope of prEN 1991-1-6 (1) prEN 1991-1-6 provides guidance and general rules on the determination of actions relevant for the design of buildings and civil engineering works, including geotechnical structures, for their execution stage. NOTE Actions for design during execution include those that only arise from execution activities and act during execution, termed construction actions (for example personnel and hand tools, auxiliary structures, equipment and elements used during execution), and others that are present during the service life of the completed structure (for example self-weight, wind, etc.) but which can act differently and/or have different values during execution. (2) prEN 1991-1-6 provides guidance and general rules for the determination of actions for the design of auxiliary structures, elements and equipment used during execution in case they are designed to the Eurocodes and not to other European Standards. NOTE Other European Standards (e.g. EN 12810, EN 12811, EN 12812) provide specific rules for certain types of auxiliary structures, equipment and elements used during execution. (3) prEN 1991-1-6 gives rules for buildings and bridges during execution to supplement the provisions in EN 1990. NOTE For combination rules for execution, see EN 1990. 1.2 Assumptions (1) The general assumptions given in EN 1990 apply. (2) The application of this document follows the limit state principle and is based on the partial factor method, unless explicitly prescribed differently. (3) The verification of buildings and civil engineering structures in transient design situations is undertaken in accordance with the Eurocodes, accounting for the interaction with any auxiliary structures, elements and/or equipment. (4) When using European product standards covering auxiliary structures, equipment and elements used during execution, it is assumed that the design basis, design requirements and, if provided, the safety and operational design limits specified in these product standards are taken into account. (5) Adequate planning, documentation, communication, control and supervision are provided during execution, involving all relevant parties. NOTE Execution of a structure can involve interaction between several parties from diverse engineering fields, responsible for the design, fabrication, transportation and execution of different subsystems used during the execution of a structure.

 

1.1 Scope of EN 1991-3 (1) EN 1991-3 defines actions imposed by cranes and other machines including dynamic effects, if relevant, for the structural design of crane or machine supporting structures. (2) EN 1991-3 provides guidance on crane classification in terms of dynamic factors and fatigue actions. (3) EN 1991-3 applies to supporting structures of — bridge cranes, gantry cranes and wall cranes travelling on fixed runways; — fixed machines that cause a harmonic dynamic loading on fixed supporting structures. (4) The principles provided in EN 1991-3 can be applied also to determine actions on supporting structures of cranes other than those referred to in (3). (5) EN 1991-3 does not provide partial factors for actions. NOTE For partial factors for actions, see EN 1990-1:2023+A1:2026, Clause A.5. (6) EN 1991-3 does not provide actions or provisions for the design of cranes and machines. 1.2 Assumptions (1) The general assumptions of EN 1990-1 apply. (2) The design of structures supporting cranes or machines is undertaken using information on actions provided by the manufacturer of the crane or machine.

 

1.1 Scope of EN 1991 1 8 (1) EN 1991 1 8 gives principles and rules to determine the values of wave and current actions on structures and civil engineering works in the coastal zone, i.e. works connected to, or in close vicinity to the shore. NOTE 1 Provisions in EN 1991 1 8 are limited to hydrodynamic actions that can be directly quantified in terms of wave and/or current induced pressures and associated forces and moments on structures or structural parts. NOTE 2 As opposed to offshore conditions, waves or currents in the coastal zone are generally affected by the presence of the seabed or shore. NOTE 3 The coastal zone is typically defined as the area between the shoreline and the deep-water limit. (2) EN 1991 1 8 describes the principles for defining the hydrodynamic conditions to be used for design, including sea water levels. (3) EN 1991 1 8 addresses specifically actions from currents and waves on the following structure types: — cylindrical structures; — subsea pipelines; — suspended decks; — vertical face structures; — permanently moored floating structures. NOTE 1 Additional guidance can be needed for: — moored structures in the coastal zone for renewable energy production or related to oil and gas production or processing; — moored structures spanning areas with variable wave and current states (e.g. floating aquaculture farms or floating bridges). NOTE 2 For hydraulic pressures caused by quasi-static water levels, and ground water, see EN 1997 (all parts). (4) Actions addressed in EN 1991 1 8 do not cover: — hydraulic resonance in sheltered areas or basins (phenomena also known as harbour resonance); — translation waves, e.g. tsunamis; — waves and currents induced by maritime operations, i.e. vessel wake, berthing and mooring; — hydrodynamic actions induced by earthquakes; — ice-induced pressures and forces; — coastal structures where flood risk and/or erosion or sediment management is the dominant function. 1.2 Assumptions (1) The assumptions given in EN 1990 apply to this document. (2) In addition, it is assumed that actions from waves and currents on coastal structures are determined by personnel appropriately qualified and experienced in the following fields: a) physical coastal environment including physics of waves and currents, statistical properties and propagation of such; b) marine hydrodynamics, wave and current interaction with structures in general and wave and current actions on structures in the coastal zone including i) fixed structures, and ii) floating structures; c) advanced methods including probabilistic methodology and physical model testing.

 

1.1 Scope of EN 1991-4 (1) This document provides rules for calculating actions for the structural design of silos and tanks. NOTE 1 Silos are used for the storage of particulate solids. Tanks are used for the storage of liquids. NOTE 2 For limitations on rules for silos given in this document, see 1.3. NOTE 3 For limitations on rules for tanks given in this document, see 1.4. (2) This document includes some provisions for actions on silo and tank structures that are not only associated with the stored particulate solids or liquids (e.g. the effects of thermal differentials) but substantially affected by them. NOTE Liquid loads on tanks are very precisely defined. Many loads on silos are not known with great precision. This document provides guidance for many practical situations for which very limited certain knowledge is available, and the information is derived from the limited experimental and analytical information available, coupled with conclusions drawn from failure investigations. The information is not based on a sound statistical treatment of experimental data. (3) This document is intended for use with concrete, steel, aluminium, timber and FRP storage structures. NOTE FRP is the standard acronym for fibre reinforced polymer materials. (4) This document is also applicable for the structural assessment of existing silos and tanks, unless otherwise specified by the relevant authority or, if not specified, agreed between the relevant parties for the specific project. NOTE 1 Changes in filling or discharge arrangements, changes in the wall friction of inner surfaces, or in the use of the silo, including storage of different particulate solids, can be reasons for assessing existing silos. NOTE 2 Differentiation of the liquid stored can be a reason for assessing existing tanks. 1.2 Assumptions (1) The assumptions of EN 1990-1 apply. (2) This document is intended to be used in conjunction with EN 1990 1, with the other parts of EN 1991, EN 1992, EN 1993, EN 1995, EN 1997, EN 1998 and EN 1999 where relevant to the design of silos and tanks. 1.3 Limitations on silos 1.3.1 Geometrical limitations (1) The following geometrical limitations apply to the design rules for silos and silo batteries (see 3.2.59 and 3.2.60) covered by this document: - the silo planform cross-section shapes are limited to those shown in Figure 1.1c. NOTE 1 Further information concerning planform cross-section geometries is given in Clause 7. NOTE 2 For the determination of the effective diameter dc of the silo see Figure 1.1c; - the following dimensional limitations on the aspect ratio for free-standing single cell silos hc/dc, the overall height hb and the effective diameter dc apply (see Figure 1.1): hc/dc < 10 (1.1) hb < 100 m (1.2) dc < 60 m (1.3) NOTE 3 See Figure 1.1 for hc, dc and hb. - the structural transition lies in a single horizontal plane (see Figure 1.1a). [Figure 1.1 - Silo forms showing dimensions and pressure notation] (2) Only hoppers that are conical (i.e. axisymmetric), rectangular pyramidal with a/b = 1,5, wedge-shaped (i.e. with two vertical end walls on opposite sides) or oblique are covered by this document. Other hopper shapes and hoppers with internal structures require special considerations. (3) Silos with an oblique conical hopper used to achieve an eccentric outlet are covered by this document. (4) Silos with an oblique hopper are covered, but generally silos with a systematically non-symmetric geometry are not specifically covered by this document. These situations include a chisel hopper (i.e. a wedge hopper beneath a circular cylinder) and hoppers with an elongated outlet other than wedge shaped. 1.3.2 Limitations on the stored particulate solids (1) The following limitations on the stored particulate solids apply to the design rules for silos contained in this document: ...