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(1) This document provides provisions for the assessment of existing structures, including geotechnical structures, and the general principles for interventions, to be used in conjunction with prEN 1990-1. NOTE This document is based on the general requirements and principles of structural reliability provided in prEN 1990-1. (2) Unless otherwise specified, prEN 1990-1 applies. (3) This document covers general principles regarding actions for assessment, complementing EN 1991 (all parts). NOTE Provisions for seismic actions due to earthquake are provided in EN 1998-3. (4) This document does not cover the design of new structural parts that will be integrated into an existing structure. NOTE For the design of new structural parts, see prEN 1990-1. (5) This document does not provide: — specific rules for initiation of assessment; — specific rules on how to undertake interventions that may be carried out as a result of an assessment; — material-specific technical provisions for existing structures; — provisions for seismic assessment and retrofitting of existing structures. NOTE For provisions for seismic assessment and retrofitting of existing structures, see EN 1998-3.

 

1.1 Scope of prEN 1995-1-1 (1) prEN 1995-1-1 gives general design rules for timber structures. (2) prEN 1995-1-1 also gives specific design rules for buildings and timber civil engineering works. 1.2 Assumptions (1) The assumptions of EN 1990 apply to this document. (2) prEN 1995-1-1 is intended to be used in conjunction with EN 1990, EN 1991 (all parts), EN 1998 (all parts) when timber structures are built in seismic regions.

 

1.1 Scope of EN 1995-1-2 (1) This document deals with the design of timber structures for the accidental situation of fire exposure and it is intended to be used in conjunction with EN 1995-1-1 and EN 1991-1-2. This document only identifies differences from, or supplements to, normal temperature design. (2) This document applies to timber structures required to fulfil a loadbearing function, separating function or both. (3) This document gives principles and application rules for the design of structures for specified requirements in respect of the aforementioned functions and the levels of performance. (4) This document applies to structures, or parts of structures, that are within the scope of EN 1995-1-1 and are designed accordingly. (5) The methods given in this document are applicable to all products covered by European technical product specifications made reference to in this document. 1.2 Assumptions (1) In addition to the general assumptions of EN 1990, the following assumptions apply: - the choice of the relevant design fire scenario is made by appropriate qualified and experienced personnel, or is given by the relevant national regulation; - any fire protection measure taken into account in the design will be adequately maintained.

 

This document is applicable to metallic stop valves for use with water intended for human consumption. This document specifies: — requirements for the design of stop valves; — mechanical, hydraulic and acoustic requirements; — test methods; — marking requirements. This document is applicable to metallic stop valves, dimensions DN 10 to DN 100, for potable water installation in buildings for PN10 or PN16 and a distribution temperature of 65 °C. This document is applicable to stop valves in combination with accessories in the same body. This document is not applicable to regulating or servicing valves, designed specially to isolate sanitary tapware or other sanitary appliances.

 

This European Standard describes the specifications and test methods for gravity fed devices for conditioning of drinking water that are not connected to the mains water distribution system in buildings, known as jug water filter systems. It also gives instructions for the user manuals, so that the jug water filter system can be used and maintained properly. Jug water filter systems are intended to modify the properties of drinking water only, and are not designed to make non-potable water safe for drinking. The scope of this document does not extend to combination systems that require an electrical power supply such as water heaters and water coolers systems. NOTE 1 Although jug water filter systems are covered by the widely harmonized food legislation (EU Regulations 178/2002 and 1935/2004), existing national regulations concerning the use and or the characteristics of these products remain in force NOTE 2 This standard provides no information as to whether the product is used without restriction in any of the Member States of the EU or EFTA.

 

This European Standard specifies a method for the determination of the dissolved residual matter, also known as evaporation residue, in liquefied petroleum gases (LPG), by gas chromatography in the range of (10 to 600) mg/kg (ppm mass). This test method quantifies soluble organic compounds (hydrocarbon materials), sometimes called ‘evaporation residue’, which can be present in liquefied petroleum gases and which are substantially less volatile than the LPG product, i.e. with a boiling point between 174 °C and 522 °C (C10 to C40). Higher boiling materials, or materials that adhere permanently to the chromatographic column, will not be detected. WARNING - This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

 

This part of ISO 16200 gives general guidance for the sampling and analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in air by solvent desorption/gas chromatography using pumped sampling. This part of ISO 16200 is applicable to a wide range of VOCs, including hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons, esters, glycol ethers, ketones and alcohols. A number of sorbents are recommended for the sampling of these VOCs, each sorbent having a different range of applicability. However, activated coconut shell charcoal is frequently used. Very polar compounds may require derivatization; very low boiling compounds may only be partially retained by the sorbents and can only be estimated qualitatively. Semi-volatile compounds should be fully retained by the sorbents, but may only be partially recovered. The upper limit of the useful range is set by the sorptive capacity of the sorbent used and by the linear dynamic range of the analytical instrumentation used. The lower limit of the useful range depends on the type of detector used, on the noise level of the detector and on blank levels of analyte and/or interfering artefacts on the sorbent tubes or in the desorption solvent. Artefacts are typically sub-nanogram for activated charcoal, but higher levels of aromatic hydrocarbons have been noted in some batches. By applying this part of ISO 16200, the lower limits achieved are typically in the range of 1 µg to 100 µg of a given VOC per sample. The concentration range for which this part of ISO 16200 is valid for the measurement of airborne vapours of VOCs is dependent on the lower limit and on the volume sampled. For example, for a 10-litre sample of air, the range is approximately 0,1 mg/m3 to 100 mg/m3 individual organic compound. For a 1-litre sample of air, the range is approximately 1 mg/m3 to 1 000 mg/m3 individual organic compound, and pro rata.

 

This part of ISO 16200 gives general guidance for the sampling and analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in workplace air by solvent desorption/gas chromatography using diffusive sampling. This part of ISO 16200 is applicable to a wide range of VOCs, including hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons, esters, glycol ethers, ketones and alcohols. A number of devices and sorbents are recommended for the sampling of these VOCs, each sorbent having a different range of applicability. Note 1 to entry Activated coconut shell charcoal is frequently used. Very polar compounds may require derivatization, very low boiling compounds may only be partially retained by the sorbents, polar or high boiling compounds may not be quantitatively extracted by the chosen solvent. In these cases, their concentration may be quantitatively determined, provided that reverse diffusion and analytical recovery studies are available. This part of ISO 16200 is valid for the measurement of airborne vapours of VOCs in a concentration range of approximately 0,1 mg/m3 to 1 000 mg/m3 individual organic for an exposure time of 8 h. The upper limit of the useful range is set by the sorptive capacity of the sorbent used and, subject to dilution of the analysed solution, by the linear dynamic range of the gas chromatograph, column and detector or by the sample splitting capability of the analytical instrumentation used. The lower limit of the useful range depends on the noise level of the detector and on blank levels of analyte and/or interfering artefacts on the sampling devices or in the desorption solvent. Artefacts are typically sub-nanogram for activated charcoal, but higher levels of aromatic hydrocarbons have been noted in some batches. By applying this part of ISO 16200, the lower limits of quantification achieved are typically in the range of 0,01 µg to 1 µg of a given VOC per sample. Determination of the blank value for target organic compounds is recommended for each lot of samplers.

 

This document establishes considerations for analysing, comparing or differentiating the characteristics of age assurance systems or components. The document includes metrics, elements and indicators of effectiveness for age assurance systems or components.

 

This document specifies carriage of coded media representations which comply with visual volumetric video content which is encoded using video-based coding and video-based point cloud compression (specified in ISO/IEC 23090-5) or its derived specification.

 

This document specifies two methods for the determination of total organic carbon (TOC) in sludge, treated biowaste, soil and waste samples containing more than 0,1 % carbon in relation to the dry matter (dm). This document is validated for sludge, biowaste, soil, and waste (see also Annex A for the results of the validation).

 

Specifies a method for the determination of the total carbon content in soil after dry combustion. The organic carbon content is calculated from this content after correcting for carbonates present in the sample. If carbonates are removed beforehand, the organic carbon content is measured directly. Applicable to all types of air-dried soil samples.

 

This document specifies the test method and performance metrics to evaluate the behaviour of a vehicle equipped with door open warning system during several accidental scenarios. These potential accidents occur when a door is about to be opened and there is a risk of collision due to the vehicle door opening. This document applies to category M1 and N1 vehicles equipped with a door open warning system. NOTE Depending on accidentology, only a part of the scenarios can be used for an evaluation of performance.

 

This document specifies a basic method of determining the particle size distribution applicable to a wide range of mineral soil materials, including the mineral fraction of organic soils. It also offers procedures to deal with the less common soils mentioned in the introduction. This document has been developed largely for use in the field of environmental science, and its use in geotechnical investigations is something for which professional advice might be required. A major objective of this document is the determination of enough size fractions to enable the construction of a reliable particle-size-distribution curve. This document does not apply to the determination of the particle size distribution of the organic components of soil, i.e. the more or less fragile, partially decomposed, remains of plants and animals. It is also realized that the chemical pre-treatments and mechanical handling stages in this document could cause disintegration of weakly cohesive particles that, from field inspection, might be regarded as primary particles, even though such primary particles could be better described as aggregates. If such disintegration is undesirable, then this document is not used for the determination of the particle size distribution of such weakly cohesive materials.

 

This document specifies a method for determination of tuft withdrawal force and is applicable to all textile floor coverings with a cut and/or loop pile yarn structure.

 

This document establishes a classification system for resilient, textile, laminate and modular mechanical locked floor coverings. The classification is based on practical requirements for areas of use and intensity of use and is linked to the requirements specified in the relevant documents for each type of floor covering. This document is also intended to provide guidance for manufacturers, specifiers and consumers, to enable them to choose the appropriate class of floor covering for any given area of use or specific room. NOTE The wear and appearance of floor coverings are influenced by standards of installation and maintenance, the condition of the subfloor and the kind of use (type of footwear, high concentrations of localized traffic, etc.). These factors are intended to be taken into account when using this classification system.

 

This document specifies the requirements of fitness for purpose of assembled polyethylene (PE) piping systems intended for the conveyance of water intended for human consumption, raw water prior to treatment, drains and sewers under pressure, vacuum sewer systems, and water for other purposes, with the exception of industrial application. It specifies the requirements for the following types of joint assemblies with pipes or spigot ends: (A) electrofusion socket fitting ; — (B) electrofusion saddle fitting ; — (C) butt fusion joint (“pipe to pipe” and “pipe to spigot end fittings”); — (D) mechanical joint; — (E) socket fusion joint. It specifies the method of preparation of test piece joints and the tests to be carried out on these joints for assessing the fitness for purpose of the system under normal and extreme conditions. It specifies the test parameters for the test methods referred to in this document. This document is intended to be used only by the product manufacturer and test laboratories to assess the performance of components in accordance with ISO 4427-2 and ISO 4427-3 when joined together under normal and extreme conditions in accordance with this document. It is not intended for on-site testing of pipe systems. In conjunction with ISO 4427-1, ISO 4427-2 and ISO 4427-3, this document is applicable to PE pipes, fittings and valves, their joints, and joints with components of PE and other materials intended to be used under the following conditions: a) allowable operating pressure, PFA, up to 25 bar111 bar = 0,1 MPa. = 105 Pa; 1 MPa = 1 N/mm2; b) an operating temperature of 20 °C as a reference temperature for design purposes. For applications operating at constant temperatures greater than 20 °C up to and including 50 °C, see ISO 4427-1, XXXX - Annex A. The ISO 4427 series covers a range of allowable operating pressures and gives requirements concerning colours.

 

This document specifies the characteristics of fusion fittings made from polyethylene (PE) as well as of mechanical fittings for buried or above ground applications, intended for the conveyance of: water for human consumption; — raw water prior to treatment; — drains and sewers under pressure; — vacuum sewer systems; — water for irrigation — water for other purposes, with the exception of industrial applications. The intended uses include sea outfalls, laid in water and suspended below bridges. NOTE 1 Attention is drawn to Clause 6 of this document for PE components for the conveyance of water intended for human consumption and raw water prior to treatment. Components manufactured for water for other purposes, drains and sewers, and vacuum sewer systems are possibly not suitable for water supply for human consumption. PE pipe systems for industrial applications and irrigation with limited pressure exposure are not covered by this document. NOTE 2 Industrial application is covered by ISO 15494 [3], irrigation with limited pressure exposure is covered by ISO 8779:2020 [4] . This document also specifies the test parameters for the test methods referred to in this document. In conjunction with iso:proj:72183ISO 4427-1, iso:proj:72184ISO 4427-2, and iso:proj:72186ISO 4427-5, this document is applicable to PE pipes, fittings and valves, their joints and to joints with components made of PE and other materials, intended to be used under the following conditions: a) a maximum allowable operating pressure (PFA) up to and including 25 bar1; b) an operating temperature of 20 °C as the reference design temperature. For applications operating at constant temperatures greater than 20 °C and up to and including 50 °C, derating coefficients are specified in ISO/DIS 4427-1, Annex A. The ISO 4427 series cover a range of maximum allowable operating pressures and gives requirements concerning colours. These fittings can be of the following types: — electrofusion socket fittings; — electrofusion saddle fittings; — spigot end fittings (for butt fusion using heated tools and electrofusion); — socket fusion fittings (see Annex A); — mechanical fittings; — fabricated fittings (see Annex B). NOTE 3 The fittings can be, for example, in the form of couplers, saddles, equal and reduced tees, reducers, elbows, bends or end caps. It is the responsibility of the purchaser or specifier to make the appropriate selections from these aspects, taking into account their particular requirements and any relevant national guidance or regulations and installation practices or codes. 1 1 bar = 0,1 MPa = 105 Pa; 1 MPa = 1 N/mm2.

 

This document specifies the characteristics of pipes made from polyethylene (PE) for buried or above ground applications, intended for the conveyance of: water for human consumption; — raw water prior to treatment; — drains and sewers under pressure; — vacuum sewer systems; — water for irrigation; — water for other purposes, with the exception of industrial applications. The intended uses include sea outfalls, laid in water and suspended below bridges. NOTE 1 Attention is drawn to 6.3 of this document for PE components for the conveyance of water intended for human consumption and raw water prior to treatment. Components manufactured for water for other purposes, drains and sewers, and vacuum sewer systems are possibly not suitable for water supply for human consumption. NOTE 2 Additional information related to the installation of PE 100-RC systems is given in iso:proj:72183ISO 4427-1. PE pipe systems for industrial applications and irrigation with limited pressure exposure are not covered by this document. NOTE 3 Industrial application is covered by ISO 15494 [4], irrigation with limited pressure exposure is covered by ISO 8779 [5]. For use in contaminated soils special consideration shall be taken for pipes intended for the transport of water intended for human consumption or raw water prior to treatment. NOTE 4 Pipes with barrier layers are not covered by this document. ISO 21004 [6] provides an alternative solution for use in contaminated soils. This document also specifies the test parameters for the test methods referred to in this document. In conjunction with ISO/DIS 4427-1, ISO/DIS 4427-3, and ISO/DIS 4427-5, this document is applicable to PE pipes, their joints and to joints with components made of PE and other materials, intended to be used under the following conditions: a) allowable operating pressure (PFA) up to and including 25 bar111 bar = 0,1 MPa = 105 Pa; 1 MPa = 1 N/mm2.; b) an operating temperature of 20 °C as the reference temperature. For applications operating at constant temperatures greater than 20 °C and up to and including 50 °C, see Annex A of ISO/DIS 4427-1. The ISO 4427 series cover a range of allowable operating pressures and gives requirements concerning colours. This document is applicable to three types of pipes: — PE pipes (outside diameter dn), including any identification stripe; — PE pipes with co-extruded layers on either or both the outside and/or inside of the pipe (total outside diameter dn) as specified in Annex A, where all layers have the same MRS rating; — PE pipes (outside diameter dn) with a peelable and contiguous thermoplastics additional layer on the outside of the pipe (“coated pipe”) as specified in Annex B. It is the responsibility of the purchaser or specifier to make the appropriate selections from these aspects, taking into account their particular requirements and any relevant national guidance or regulations and installation practices or codes.

 

This document specifies materials and the general aspects of polyethylene (PE) pressure piping systems (mains and service pipes) for buried or above ground applications, intended for the conveyance of: water intended for human consumption, — raw water prior to treatment, — drains and sewers under pressure, — vacuum sewer systems, — water for irrigation, — water for other purposes, with the exception of industrial applications. The intended use includes sea outfalls, laid in water and pipes suspended below bridges. NOTE 1 Attention is drawn to Clause 6 of this document for PE components for the conveyance of water intended for human consumption and raw water prior to treatment. Components manufactured for water for other purposes, drains and sewers, and vacuum sewer systems are possibly not suitable for water supply for human consumption. PE pipe systems for industrial applications and irrigation with limited pressure exposure are not covered by this document. NOTE 2 Industrial application is covered by iso:proj:55627ISO 15494, irrigation with limited pressure exposure is covered by ISO 8779 [3]. This document also specifies the test parameters for the test methods referred to in this document. In conjunction with ISO/DIS 4427-2, ISO/DIS 4427-3 and ISO/DIS 4427-5, this document is applicable to PE pipes and fittings, their joints and to joints with components made of PE and other materials, intended to be used under the following conditions: a) a maximum allowable operating pressure (PFA) up to and including 25 bar; b) an operating temperature of 20 °C as the reference design temperature. For applications operating at constant temperatures greater than 20 °C and up to and including 50 °C, see Annex A. The ISO 4427 series covers a range of maximum allowable operating pressures and gives requirements concerning colours. It is the responsibility of the purchaser or specifier to make the appropriate selections from these aspects, taking into account their particular requirements and any relevant national guidance or regulations and installation practices or codes.