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This document specifies techniques for the manual ultrasonic testing of fusion-welded joints in metallic materials with low sound attenuation (especially that due to scatter) of minimum thickness 8 mm. It is primarily intended for use on full penetration welded joints where both the welded and parent materials are ferritic. It applies at object temperatures from 0 °C to 60 °C. Where material-dependent ultrasonic values are specified in this document, they are based on steels having an ultrasonic sound velocity of (5 920 ± 50) m/s for longitudinal waves and (3 255 ± 30) m/s for transverse waves. This document specifies four testing levels, A, B, C and D, each corresponding to a different probability of detection of imperfections. Guidance on the selection of testing levels A, B, and C is given in Annex A. This document specifies that the requirements of testing level D, which is intended for special applications, be in accordance with general requirements. Testing level D can only be used when defined by specification. This includes tests of metals other than ferritic steel, tests on partial penetration welds, tests with automated equipment, and tests at object temperatures outside the range 0 °C to 60 °C. This document can be used for the assessment of discontinuities, for acceptance purposes, by either of the following techniques: a) evaluation based primarily on length and echo amplitude of the discontinuity; b) evaluation based on characterization and sizing of the discontinuity by probe movement techniques.

 

WARNING The electronic file of this document contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding of the document. Users should therefore consider printing this document using a colour printer. This document specifies a method for determining the film hardness by pushing pencils of known hardness over the film. The test can be performed on a single coating of a paint, varnish or related product, or on the upper layer of a multi-coat system. This rapid test has not been found to be useful in comparing the pencil hardness of different coatings. It is more useful in providing relative ratings for a series of coated panels exhibiting significant differences in pencil hardness. The method is applicable only to smooth surfaces.

 

This document specifies a so-called acid dew and fog test (ADF test) as an accelerated laboratory test method for simulating, by the use of artificial acidic precipitation, the damaging effects of acidic atmospheric precipitation in association with UV radiation, neutral condensed precipitation, and changing temperature and humidity. This test method is intended to be used in evaluating, on the basis of relative performance rankings, the suitability of painted materials for use in outdoor environments with acidic precipitation. It is not intended to generate the same extent of damage or the same damage pattern as in outdoor weathering, but rather to give a ranking which is similar to that which would be obtained in outdoor weathering. The method produces damage which is more homogeneous, allows fewer specimens to be exposed (and hence more rapid testing) and enables evaluation of the exposed specimens to be carried out using methods which are more objective than visual assessment.

 

This document summarizes descriptive quantities for those responsible (e.g. scientists, safety engineers) for determination of postures for a seated person who is exposed to whole-body vibration. This document specifies a methodology for assessing the health risk of individuals exposed to whole-body vibration (WBV) that includes the addition of posture effects. This document defines an accumulative posture index that is applied to the daily overall frequency-weighted root-mean-square (r.m.s.) acceleration to establish a combined daily vibration exposure for assessing health risk.  This document is limited to the seated person subjected to WBV and health risk assessment using the ISO/DIS 2631-1 [1] basic evaluation method. It does not apply to standing or recumbent (supine) persons. This document does not include regional lumbar support or measurement of lumbar lordosis verses lumbar kyphosis. This document does not consider transient vibration or regular or occasional shocks.

 

This document specifies general requirements for the materials, design, construction and installation of the metallic components of refrigerated liquefied gas tank systems. This document deals with the design and manufacture of site built, vertical, cylindrical, flat-bottomed tank systems for the storage of refrigerated, liquefied gases with operating temperatures between 0 °C and -196 °C.

 

ISO 10874:2009 establishes a classification system for resilient, textile, laminate and and modular mechanical locked floor coverings floor coverings. The classification is based on practical requirements for areas of use and intensity of use and is linked to the requirements specified in the relevant International Standard for each type of floor covering. ISO 10874:2009 is also intended to provide guidance for manufacturers, specifiers and consumers, to enable them to choose the appropriate class of floor covering for any given area of use or specific room.

 

This document applies to acetylene manifold systems extending from the cylinder valve or the bundle outlet connections to the outlet connection of the main shut-off valve. It specifies requirements for design, materials and testing of cylinder manifold systems for the supply of acetylene for use in welding, cutting and allied processes. This document applies to acetylene manifold systems in which one of the following acetylene sources is used or connected for collective gas withdrawal: — Single individual cylinder; — Multiple cylinders; — Single individual bundle; — Multiple bundles, When a single individual cylinder with cylinder regulator according to ISO 2503 is directly connected to the cylinder valve, this document does not apply. NOTE National regulations exist regarding limitation of the amount of single cylinders/bundles of acetylene on a single location (e.g. in warehouse or connected to a manifold system).

 

This document specifies dimensions, materials and performance requirements, including methods of test, for pressure safety valves, of nominal sizes from DN 15 to DN 40, having working pressures from 0,1 MPa (1 bar) to 1,0 MPa (10 bar). Pressure safety valves are intended for fitting to the potable water supply of storage water heaters, having a maximum storage temperature of 95 °C. Pressure safety valves limit the pressure in hot water heaters. Pressure safety valves do not control the temperature and alone do not constitute the protection required for storage water heaters. They are not intended to act as expansion valves under normal conditions. NOTE The use of the device specified in this document does not override the need to use controls (e.g. thermostats and cut-outs) which act directly on the power sources of water heaters (for more information see Annex A).

 

This document specifies dimensions, materials and performance requirements (including methods of test) for expansion valves, of nominal sizes from DN 15 to DN 50, having working pressures ) from 0,1 MPa (1 bar) to 1,0 MPa (10 bar). Expansion valves are intended for fitting to the cold potable water supply of storage water heaters, having a maximum distribution temperature of 95 °C, for all energy sources. Expansion valves do not control the temperature and alone do not constitute the protection required for storage water heaters. Expansion valves limit pressure, in the water heaters to what they are fitted, that is produced by thermal expansion of the water. NOTE The use of the device specified in this document does not override the need to use controls (e.g. thermostats and cut-outs) which act directly on the power sources of water heaters (for more information see Annex A).

 

This document specifies dimensions, materials and performance requirements, including methods of test, for hydraulic safety groups, of nominal sizes from DN 15 to DN 25, having working pressures from 0,1 MPa (1 bar) to 1,0 MPa (10 bar). Hydraulic safety groups are intended for fitting to the potable water supply of storage water heaters, having a maximum storage temperature of 95 °C. Hydraulic safety groups limit the pressure in hot water heaters, prevent the backflow of water into the main circuit and prevent the discharged water to get into contact with the water in the water heater. Hydraulic safety groups do not control the temperature. They ensure the hydraulic safety of water heaters if the mechanical resistance of the water heater remains at least equal to the rating pressure. NOTE The use of the device specified in this document does not override the need to use controls (e.g. thermostats and cut-outs) which act directly on the power sources of water heaters (for more information see Annex A).

 

This document specifies, dimensions, materials and performance requirements (including methods of test) for expansion groups, of nominal sizes from DN 15 to DN 25, having working pressures from 0,1 MPa (1 bar) to 1,0 MPa (10 bar). Expansion groups are fitted to the cold potable water supply only for expansion purposes, e.g. of storage water heaters, having a maximum distribution temperature of 95 °C. Expansion groups limit pressure in the water heater to which they are fitted, that is produced by thermal expansion of the water, prevent the backflow of water into the supply pipe and prevent the discharged water to get into contact with the water in the water heater. Expansion groups do not control temperature and alone do not constitute the protection required for storage water heaters. NOTE The use of the device specified in this document does not override the need to use controls (e.g. thermostats and thermal cut-outs) which act directly on the power sources of water heaters (for more information see Annex A).

 

ISO 11666:2018 specifies two ultrasonic acceptance levels known as acceptance level 2 (AL 2) and acceptance level 3 (AL 3) for full penetration welded joints in ferritic steels, which correspond to ISO 5817:2014, quality levels B and C. An acceptance level corresponding to ISO 5817:2014, quality level D is not included in this document, as ultrasonic testing is generally not requested for this weld quality. These acceptance levels are applicable to testing carried out in accordance with ISO 17640. ISO 11666:2018 applies to the testing of full penetration ferritic steel welds, with thicknesses from 8 mm to 100 mm. It can also be used for other types of welds, materials and thicknesses, provided the tests have been performed with necessary consideration of the geometry and acoustic properties of the component, and an adequate sensitivity can be employed to enable the acceptance levels of this document to be applied. The nominal frequency of probes used in this document is between 2 MHz and 5 MHz, unless attenuation or requirements for higher resolution call for other frequencies. It is important to consider the use of these acceptance levels in conjunction with frequencies outside this range carefully.

 

This document specifies techniques for the manual ultrasonic testing of fusion-welded joints in metallic materials of thickness =8 mm which exhibit low ultrasonic attenuation (especially that due to scatter) at object temperatures from 0 °C to 60 °C. It is primarily intended for use on full penetration welded joints where both the welded and parent material are ferritic. Where material-dependent ultrasonic values are specified in this document, they are based on steels having an ultrasonic sound velocity of (5 920 ± 50) m/s for longitudinal waves and (3 255 ± 30) m/s for transverse waves. This document specifies four testing levels, each corresponding to a different probability of detection of imperfections. Guidance on the selection of testing levels A, B, and C is given in Annex A. This document specifies that the requirements of testing level D, which is intended for special applications, be in accordance with general requirements. Testing level D can only be used when defined by specification. This includes tests of metals other than ferritic steel, tests on partial penetration welds, tests with automated equipment, and tests at object temperatures outside the range 0 °C to 60 °C. This document can be used for the assessment of discontinuities, for acceptance purposes, by either of the following techniques: a) evaluation based primarily on length and echo amplitude of the discontinuity; b) evaluation based on characterization and sizing of the discontinuity by probe movement techniques.

 

This document specifies test procedures for the acquisition and presentation of multipoint data which demonstrate the behaviour of plastics under the following environments: —    prolonged exposure to heat; —    liquid chemicals; —    environmental stress cracking under a constant tensile stress; —    artificial weathering. The tests are listed in order of increasing severity of the environment. By testing under the least severe environments first, it is possible to make informed judgements regarding whether tests under more severe conditions are worthwhile.

 

This document specifies test procedures for the acquisition and presentation of multipoint data which demonstrate the behaviour of plastics under the following environments: — prolonged exposure to heat; — liquid chemicals; — environmental stress cracking under a constant tensile stress; — artificial weathering. The tests are listed in order of increasing severity of the environment. By testing under the least severe environments first, it is possible to make informed judgements regarding whether tests under more severe conditions are worthwhile.

 

This document specifies a method for determining the film hardness by pushing pencils of known hardness over the film. The test can be performed on a single coating of a paint, varnish or related product, or on the upper layer of a multi-coat system. This rapid test has not been found to be useful in comparing the pencil hardness of different coatings. It is more useful in providing relative ratings for a series of coated panels exhibiting significant differences in pencil hardness. The method is applicable only to smooth surfaces.

 

ISO 15110:2017 specifies a so-called acid dew and fog test (ADF test) as an accelerated laboratory test method for simulating, by the use of artificial acidic precipitation, the damaging effects of acidic atmospheric precipitation in association with UV radiation, neutral condensed precipitation, and changing temperature and humidity. This test method is intended to be used in evaluating, on the basis of relative performance rankings, the suitability of painted materials for use in outdoor environments with acidic precipitation. It is not intended to generate the same extent of damage or the same damage pattern as in outdoor weathering, but rather to give a ranking which is similar to that which would be obtained in outdoor weathering. The method produces damage which is more homogeneous, allows fewer specimens to be exposed (and hence more rapid testing) and enables evaluation of the exposed specimens to be carried out using methods which are more objective than visual assessment.

 

This document specifies the application of phased array technology for the semi- or fully automated ultrasonic testing of fusion-welded joints in steel parts with thickness values between 3,2 mm and 8,0 mm. This meets the typical range of tube wall thickness values in boilers, which is an important application of this testing technology. The minimum and maximum value of the wall thickness range can be exceeded, when testing level "D" of this document is applied. This document applies to full penetration welded joints of simple geometry in plates, tubes, pipes, and vessels, where both the weld and parent material are low-alloy and/or fine grained steel. NOTE "Semi-automated testing" encompasses a controlled movement of one or more probes on the surface of a component along a fixture (guidance strip, ruler, etc.), whereby the probe position is unambiguously measured with a position sensor. The probe is moved manually. "Fully automated testing" includes mechanized propulsion in addition. Where material-dependent ultrasonic parameters are specified in this document, they are based on steels having a sound velocity of (5 920 ± 50) m/s for longitudinal waves, and (3 255 ± 30) m/s for transverse waves. It is necessary to take this fact into account when testing materials with a different velocity. This document provides guidance on the specific capabilities and limitations of phased array technology for the detection, location, sizing and characterization of discontinuities in fusion-welded joints. Ultrasonic phased array technology can be used as a stand-alone technique or in combination with other non-destructive testing (NDT) methods or techniques, during manufacturing and testing of new welds/repair welds (pre-service testing). This document specifies two testing levels: — level "C" for standard situations; — level "D" for different situations/special applications. This document describes assessment of discontinuities for acceptance purposes based on: — height and length; — amplitude (equivalent reflector size) and length; — go/no-go decision. This document does not include acceptance levels for discontinuities.

 

This document specifies requirements and test methods for durability, strength, security and function of devices that restrict the opening of windows and door height windows to a maximum opening width. Depending on the requirements imposed in Member States on the basis of building regulations or in tenders for window or door height windows, the hardware manufacturer designs the restrictors to allow opening widths of for example max. 89 mm, max. 100 mm or max. 120 mm; for the use of restrictors in building components. This document does not apply to a) restrictors with an opening width limitation of more than 120 mm; b) child protective window restrictors intended to be installed by the end consumers; such restrictors from the DIY market are covered in EN 16281; c) restrictors for window designs with sliding sashes. NOTE 1 Restrictors and reverse restrictors can be either a separate item of hardware or an integral part of hardware, for example a part of the operating gear or an integral part of a hinge. NOTE 2 It is possible to use more than one restrictor on a single window. NOTE 3 The requirements included within this document take the needs for child safety into consideration. This document applies to restrictors that are intended to be factory installed in windows and door height windows by specialist companies in their production facilities.

 

1.1 Scope of EN 1995-3 (1) This document gives minimum requirements for execution of timber structures (buildings and bridges) designed in accordance with EN 1995 (all parts) to ensure that what is built meets the requirements for mechanical resistance, serviceability, durability, and fire performance. (2) This document gives guidance on moisture control during transport to the building site, storage on site, handling on site and erection. (3) This document gives guidance on workmanship and deviation limits during execution. (4) This document assumes that there is an execution specification which states all the specific requirements relevant for the execution of a particular structure. (5) For products covered by a European technical product specification, this document only covers those aspects of fabrication such as cutting, machining and drilling after placement of the product on the market. (6) This document does not cover: a) parts which are not designed according to EN 1995; b) temporary works (such as formwork, scaffolding, propping, shoring, etc.); c) specification, production and conformity of timber members in accordance with European technical product specifications; d) deviation limits for other properties than mechanical resistance, serviceability, durability and fire performance; e) contractual aspects, responsibilities of the various parties, competency requirements or the degree of independence of the personnel undertaking the inspection; f) health and safety requirements during execution. 1.2 Assumptions (1) It is assumed that all relevant provisions of EN 1995 are complied with. (2) It is recognized in this document that areas such as detailed requirements for competence of personnel, and details related to Quality Management are within the competence of the CEN Member States. (3) Before the execution begins on a part of the structure, it is assumed that the following are available on site: — the drawings and specification of that part; — the execution specification. (4) Before the start of the execution, it is assumed that the execution specification has been checked for completeness. (5) It is assumed that previous work (such as foundations) has been inspected and that any work which needs to be done due to deviations from the execution specification has been carried out.