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This part of ISO 17660 is applicable to the welding of weldable reinforcing steel and stainless reinforcing steel of non-load-bearing welded joints, in workshops or on site. It specifies requirements for materials, design and execution of welded joints, welding personnel, quality requirements, examination and testing. Load-bearing welded joints are covered by ISO 17660-1.

 

This document is aimed at those organisations wanting to create, fair, valid and reliable assessments in any context. The word high-stakes is often used, as opposed to low-stakes exams which are used in a formative context. The document takes a user through the process that they need to go through to create assessments and also identifies key roles within the assessment process. This Standard provides comprehensive guidelines on the application of information technology (IT) in delivering assessments. It outlines the scope of IT usage across various types of assessments, detailing the life cycle stages, security protocols, and privacy considerations specific to IT-enabled assessments.

 

The standard covers a broad range of assessment types, each tailored to specific contexts and objectives. These types of assessments ensure that the standard can be applied across various domains, from education to professional certification, and each has distinct characteristics and requirements. The key aspect of this is that the exams are high-stakes and have some specific use case, rather than for formative assessment, which typically has less rigorous requirements for creation and delivery. The primary types of assessment covered in the standard: a) K-12 Assessments b) Academic Assessments c) Employment Testing d) Professional Certification

 

The assessment lifecycle is a comprehensive process that encompasses the various stages involved in the creation, implementation, and evaluation of assessments. Although assessment procedures vary, the typical life cycle of assessment consists of the following steps: a) identification of need to assess b) design of outcomes/rubrics/assessment methodology c) creation, preparation and calibration of content d) preparation of assessment content (includes computer adaptive test engine/model) e) registration (may include payment) f) distribution g) authentication (includes identification) h) delivery i) response return (and/or submission) j) irregularities k) scoring, result determination and/or feedback l) data return m) analysis n) appeals and o) credentialing (certification, licensure, degree, badge, micro-credential, etc.) The design and instruments for computer adaptive testing and assessment methodology are not covered by this Standard. However, when IT is used for delivery, the relevant clauses of this Standard should be considered during the lifecycle.

 

The emphasis throughout this Standard is on the additional and distinct measures required with the integration of modern IT in assessment systems. While measures that are common to both traditional paper-based and IT-delivered assessments are mentioned only in general terms, this Standard addresses the novel challenges and opportunities introduced by digital technologies. This edition expands on the previous version by incorporating advanced technologies that were not previously covered. These include, but are not limited to, AI-assisted scoring, automatic feedback systems, adaptive testing, and remote proctoring solutions. The use of IT now supports a more comprehensive range of assessment functions: AI-Based Automated Scoring and Feedback: Modern systems employ machine learning algorithms to provide instant scoring and multi-dimensional feedback. Although the quality and validity of the assessment content remain paramount, IT is now capable of offering detailed, rubric-based evaluations that can be reviewed and validated by human markers. Adaptive Testing and Dynamic Item Banking: The introduction of computerized adaptive testing (CAT) and robust item banking systems allows assessments to adjust in real time to the test-taker’s ability, ensuring a more personalized and efficient measurement of competency. IT supports the maintenance and continuous updating of these item banks, including automatic generation and statistical calibration of test items. Remote Proctoring and Data Security: The transition to online assessments has necessitated the incorporation of remote proctoring technologies that combine AI monitoring with human oversight to mitigate fraud while safeguarding student privacy. This Standard specifies requirements for secure data transmission, storage, and compliance with international data protection regulations such as GDPR and ISO/IEC 27001. Learning Analytics and Data-Driven Decision Making: IT now plays a significant role in collecting and analyzing assessment data, enabling educators to leverage learning analytics for real-time feedback, formative assessment, and instructional adjustments. The interface between assessment content and IT delivery is enhanced to support a data-driven approach to both scoring and pedagogical decision-making. It is important to note that this Standard does not address the purely pedagogical aspects of assessment design or the intrinsic quality of assessment content. Rather, it focuses on the IT mechanisms that implement pedagogical decisions, facilitate the efficient transmission and secure handling of assessment data, and enable innovative evaluation methods. Compliance with this Standard does not imply that an assessment is pedagogically robust; rather, it ensures that the IT infrastructure supporting the assessment adheres to best practices in security, transparency, and reliability. The scope includes: IT scoring systems that are designed for subsequent human review; The IT-facilitated transmission and delivery of assessments, where responses may be scored either automatically or by human markers; The provision of automated feedback and immediate result reporting, while result-determination processes requiring human judgment remain outside this scope. By addressing these enhanced IT aspects, this Standard aims to support the evolution of assessment practices in a digital age, ensuring that technological innovations are harnessed effectively while maintaining the validity and fairness of the assessment process.

 

The aim of this Standard is to articulate overarching principles and best practices without prescribing specific technical implementations. The recommendations can be achieved through a variety of technological or procedural approaches, reflecting the expanded range of modern IT applications—including AI-assisted scoring, adaptive testing, and remote proctoring—without being tied to any specific hardware or software platform. In many instances, the principles outlined herein may be supplemented by additional regulations set by assessment providers, ensuring that while the underlying IT-enabled processes evolve, the core values of validity, fairness, and security remain paramount. 1.6 Compliance Assessment sponsors, assessment distributors and assessment centres may claim compliance with this Standard if they comply with all the clauses or subclauses applicable to their role (see table below). Notes to the clauses indicate the role(s) to which each clause or subclause is applicable. This Standard is applicable to both high-stakes and low-stakes assessments, but some clauses or subclauses are applicable only to high-stakes assessments; this is indicated in Table 1. The scenarios given in Annex A illustrate how different types of organisation might need to comply with different clauses of this Standard.

 

 

This document specifies a method for the determination of insoluble particles in acid in Lithium carbonate by gravimetric method.

 

This document describes procedures for the determination of particle size distribution of kraft, soda, and hydrolysis lignin. The method is applicable to lignin isolated from a kraft pulping process, a soda pulping process, or lignin obtained by hydrolysis of biomass.

 

This part of ISO 11268 specifies one of the methods for evaluating the habitat function of soils and determining the acute toxicity of soil contaminants, waste materials and chemicals to Eisenia fetida/Eisenia andrei by dermal and alimentary uptake. It is applicable to soils and soil materials of unknown quality, e.g. from contaminated sites, amended soils, soils after remediation, agricultural or other sites concerned, and waste materials. Effects of substances are assessed using a standard soil, preferably a defined artificial soil substrate. For contaminated soils, the effects on survival are determined in the test soil and in a control soil. According to the objective of the study, the control and dilution substrate (dilution series of contaminated soil) can be either an uncontaminated soil comparable to the soil sample to be tested (reference soil) or a standard soil (e.g. artificial soil). Information is provided on how to use this method for testing chemicals under temperate as well as under tropical conditions. The method is not applicable to substances for which the air/soil partition coefficient is greater than one, or to substances with vapour pressure exceeding 300 Pa at 25 °C. This method does not take into account the possible degradation of the substances or contaminants during the test. This method also includes technical information on how to use it with other environmentally relevant earthworm species, i.e. Dendrodrilus rubidus and Aporrectodea caliginosa (see Annex E and Annex F) as well as a test design to acquire data for toxicokinetic-toxicodynamic (TKTD) modelling (Annex G).

 

Design for Six Sigma (DFSS) is a methodology used to innovate, develop, or redesign processes, products, or services. This international standard provides a common understanding of the principles, terminology, and guidelines for applying various methods and tools within DFSS. Furthermore, it outlines how multidisciplinary teams can effectively implement DFSS. It is essential to note that DFSS is not intended to replace an organization's existing development processes; instead, it aims to enhance them significantly.

 

This document establishes an ISO/IEC Registration Authority (RA) that hosts a list of registered mdoc types and namespaces in a machine- and human-readable format. It establishes a Registration Management Group (RMG) with agreed upon high-level review functions for mdoc types and namespaces registration. The outcome of the registration process is a centralized list of existing mdoc types and namespaces and it also provides an opportunity for the Registration Management Group of experts to provide valuable feedback to applicants.

 

The ISO/IEC 19788 series specifies, in a rule-based manner, properties and their attributes for the description of learning resources. This includes the rules governing the identification of properties and the specification of their attributes. This Part of ISO/IEC 19788 specifies, using the ISO/IEC 19788-1 Framework, technical aspects of learning resources, i.e., requirements for use, location, size, etc. These elements can later be combined with other descriptive elements including those from other parts of the ISO/IEC 19788 series or other standards, including Dublin Core refinements and IEEE 1484.12.1-2002 [1] to address more specific topics such as technical or educational information.

 

This International Standard is applicable to the stability evaluation of in vitro diagnostic medical devices, including reagents, calibrators, control materials, diluents, buffers and reagent kits, hereinafter called IVD reagents. This International Standard can also be applied to specimen collection devices that contain substances used to preserve samples or to initiate reactions for further processing of the sample in the collection device. This International Standard specifies general requirements for stability evaluation and gives specific requirements for real time and accelerated stability evaluation when generating data in: — the establishment of IVD reagent shelf life, including transport conditions suitable to ensure that product specifications are maintained; — the establishment of stability of the IVD reagent in use after the first opening of the primary container; EXAMPLE On-board stability, stability after reconstitution, open vial/bottle stability. — the monitoring of stability of IVD reagents already placed on the market; — the verification of stability specifications after modifications of the IVD reagent that might affect stability. This International Standard is not applicable to instruments, apparatus, equipment, systems or specimen receptacles, or the sample subject to examination.

 

 

ISO 13503-5:2006 provides standard testing procedures for evaluating proppants used in hydraulic fracturing and gravel packing operations. ISO 13503-5:2006 provides a consistent methodology for testing performed on hydraulic fracturing and/or gravel packing proppants. The "proppants" mentioned henceforth in this part of ISO 13503-5:2006 refer to sand, ceramic media, resin-coated proppants, gravel packing media, and other materials used for hydraulic fracturing and gravel-packing operations. ISO 13503-5:2006 is not applicable for use in obtaining absolute values of proppant pack conductivities under downhole reservoir conditions.

 

ISO 17660-1:2006 is applicable to the welding of weldable reinforcing steel and stainless reinforcing steel of load-bearing joints, in workshops or on site. It specifies requirements for materials, design and execution of welded joints, welding personnel, quality requirements, examination and testing. ISO 17660-1:2006 also covers welded joints between reinforcing steel bars and other steel components, such as connection devices and insert anchors, including prefabricated assemblies. Non load-bearing joints are covered by ISO 17660-2. ISO 17660-1:2006 is not applicable to factory production of welding fabric and lattice girders using multiple spot welding machines or multiple projection welding machines. The requirements of ISO 17660-1:2006 are only applicable to static loaded structures.

 

ISO 17660-2:2006 is applicable to the welding of weldable reinforcing steel and stainless reinforcing steel of non load-bearing welded joints, in workshops or on site. It specifies requirements for materials, design and execution of welded joints, welding personnel, quality requirements, examination and testing. Load-bearing welded joints are covered by ISO 17660-1.

 

ISO 11148-13:2017 specifies safety requirements for hand-held non-electric power tools (hereinafter referred to as "fastener driving tools") intended for installation of a fastener (see Annex B), forming a mechanical connection or attachment with the workpiece which are for example wood and wood-based materials, plastic materials, fibre materials (loose or compacted), cementitious materials, metals and combinations of these materials. The fastener driving tools for fasteners can be powered by compressed air or combustible gases (which may be ignited by a battery or accumulator) and the energy is transmitted to an impacted element by an intermediary component that does not leave the device. These tools are intended to be used by one operator and supported by the operator's hand or hands, with or without a suspension, e.g. a balancer. ISO 11148-13:2017 is applicable to fastener driving tools in which energy is applied to a loaded fastener for the purpose of driving this into a workpiece. ISO 11148-13:2017 is not applicable to fastener driving tools in which the energy for driving fasteners is drawn from powder-actuated cartridges, hydraulics or from any type of electrical supply. ISO 11148-13:2017 does not deal with special requirements and modifications of hand-held power tools for the purpose of mounting them in a fixture. ISO 11148-13:2017 deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events relevant to fastener driving tools for fasteners when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer, with the exception of the use of power tools in potentially explosive atmospheres. NOTE ISO 80079?36 gives requirements for non-electrical equipment for potentially explosive atmospheres.

 

ISO 23640:2011 is applicable to the stability evaluation of in vitro diagnostic medical devices, including reagents, calibrators, control materials, diluents, buffers and reagent kits, hereinafter called IVD reagents. ISO 23640:2011 can also be applied to specimen collection devices that contain substances used to preserve samples or to initiate reactions for further processing of the sample in the collection device. ISO 23640:2011 specifies general requirements for stability evaluation and gives specific requirements for real time and accelerated stability evaluation when generating data in: the establishment of IVD reagent shelf life, including transport conditions suitable to ensure that product specifications are maintained; the establishment of stability of the IVD reagent in use after the first opening of the primary container; the monitoring of stability of IVD reagents already placed on the market; the verification of stability specifications after modifications of the IVD reagent that might affect stability.

 

This document specifies requirements and tests for the construction, performance, safety and production of battery powered class 1,5 Capillary Thermal-Mass Flow sensor gas meters (hereinafter referred to as meter(s)). This applies to meters having co-axial single pipe, or two pipe connections, which are used to measure volumes of fuel gases of the 2nd and/or 3rd family, as given in EN 437:2021. In general, the term "thermal mass flow meters" applies to a flow-measuring device using heat transfer to measure and indicate gas flowrate, as defined in ISO 14511. NOTE Although the word "mass" is present in the definition of the measurement principle, gas meters covered by this document provide measurement of gas at base conditions of temperature and pressure. These meters have a maximum working pressure not exceeding 0,5 bar and a maximum flowrate not exceeding 160 m3/h over a minimum ambient temperature range of -10 °C to +40 °C and a gas temperature range as specified in the marking, with a minimum range of 40 °C. For meters designed for hydrogen measurement, the maximum flowrate is not exceeding 480 m3/h, whilst the other characteristics are as stated above. This document applies to meters indicating volume at base conditions, which are installed in locations with vibration and shocks of low significance. It applies to meters in: - closed locations (indoor or outdoor with protection, as specified in the instruction manual) with condensing humidity or with non-condensing humidity; or, if specified in the marking: - open locations (outdoor without any covering) both with condensing humidity or with non-condensing humidity; and in locations with electromagnetic disturbances likely to be found in residential, commercial and light industrial use. For meters which indicate unconverted volume, reference can be made to Annex C. Unless otherwise stated, all pressures given in this document are gauge pressures. Requirements for electronic indexes, valves and additional requirements for batteries incorporated in the meter and any other additional functionalities are given in EN 16314:2013. Unless otherwise stated in a particular test, the tests are carried out on meters that include additional functionality devices, as indicated in the instruction manual. Clauses 1 to 13 are for design and type testing only. For meters designed for blended gas and/or hydrogen measurement, refer to Annex E. This document refers only to hydrogen as specified in ISO 14687:2025 with a purity of type I grade A or better. Unless otherwise stated, all tests applicable to 2nd and 3rd family gases are applicable also to blended gas and hydrogen. Mixtures with a hydrogen concentration above 20 % and below 98 % by volume are not covered by this document.

 

This document is applicable to manually operated end cocks designed to cut-off the brake pipe and the main reservoir pipe of the air brake and compressed air system of rail vehicles; without taking the type of vehicles and track-gauge into consideration. This document specifies requirements for the design, dimensions, testing and certification (qualification and/or type test), and marking.

 

This document specifies: requirements on the physical layer at system level, — requirements on the interoperability test set-ups, — interoperability test plan that checks the requirements for the physical layer at system level, — requirements on the device-level physical layer conformance test set-ups, and — device-level physical layer conformance test plan that checks a set of requirements for the OSI physical layer that are relevant for device vendors. The interoperability test plan checks the physical layer system requirements specified in this document and in ISO/IEC/IEEE 8802-3:2017/Amd 9:2018. This test plan is structured in four different test groups, attending to the kind of system requirements that covers: — link status, that includes the tests that check the status of the link by using the content of the available registers and its accuracy with the real status of the link, — link-up, that includes the tests that check the time that the IUT reaches a reliable link status from certain state, — channel quality, that includes the tests that check the quality of the optical channel by using the content of the available registers and its accuracy with the real quality of the optical channel, and — wake-up and sleep, that include tests that check that the transmission and reception of the wake-up and sleep events. The device-level conformance test plan checks the device-level requirements specified in the ISO 21111 series and in ISO/IEC/IEEE 8802-3:2017/Amd 9:2018. This test plan is structured in four different test groups, attending to the test set-up required: — high-attenuation channel, — low-attenuation channel, — optical IUT transmitter measurements, and — wake-up and synchronised link sleep.

 

This document specifies the procedure for the determination of the compressive strength of autoclaved aerated concrete.