Toimialayhteisöt

 

1.1 Scope of EN 1991-1-3 (1) EN 1991-1-3 gives principles and rules to determine the values of loads due to snow to be used for the structural design of buildings and civil engineering works. (2) This document does not apply to sites at altitudes above 1 500 m, unless otherwise specified. NOTE For rules for the treatment of snow loads for altitudes above 1 500 m, see 6.1. (3) This document does not give guidance on specialist aspects of snow loading, for example: - impact snow loads resulting from snow sliding off or falling from a higher roof; - changes in shape or size of the construction works due to the presence of snow or the accretion of ice which could affect the wind action; - loads in areas where snow is present all year round; - lateral loading due to snow creep (e.g. lateral loads exerted by drifts); - loads due to artificial snow. 1.2 Assumptions The assumptions given in EN 1990:2023, 1.2 apply.

 

(1) EN 1991-1-1 gives rules on the following aspects related to actions, which are relevant to the structural design of buildings and civil engineering works including some geotechnical aspects: - specific weight of construction materials and stored materials; - self-weight of construction works; - imposed loads for buildings. (2) Mean values for specific weight of specific construction materials, additional materials for bridges, stored materials and products are given. In addition, for specific materials and products the angle of repose is provided. (3) Methods for the assessment of the characteristic values of self-weight of construction works are given. (4) Characteristic values of imposed loads are given for the following areas in buildings according to the category of use: - residential, social, commercial and administration areas; - areas for archive, storage and industrial activities; - garage and vehicle traffic areas (excluding bridges); - roofs; - stairs and landings; - terraces and balconies. NOTE The loads on traffic areas given in this standard refer to vehicles up to a gross vehicle weight of 160 kN. Further information can be obtained from EN 1991-2. (5) Characteristic values of horizontal imposed loads on parapets and partition walls acting as barriers are provided. NOTE Forces due to vehicle impact are specified in EN 1991-1-7 and EN 1991-2. 1.2 Assumptions (1) The general assumptions of EN 1990 apply. (2) EN 1991-1-1 is intended to be used with EN 1990, the other parts of EN 1991 and the other Eurocode parts for the design of structures.

 

This document specifies the purpose, conditions and methods for the test of civil small multi-copter unmanned aircraft (UA) docking system, including the inspection of basic characteristics, functional test, performance test, environmental adaptability compatibility test, and electromagnetic compatibility test. This document is applicable to docking systems of civil small multi-copter UA with maximum take-off mass (MTOM) level II through IV as defined in ISO 21895. The general requirements of civil small multi-copter UA docking system are documented in ISO 25215. Testing for other types of multi--copter UA docking systems might be performed in accordance with this document.

 

This document specifies two methods for determining the gas-transmission rate of single-layer plastic film or sheet and multi-layer structures under a differential pressure. One method uses a pressure sensor, the other a gas chromatograph, to measure the amount of gas which permeates through a test specimen.

 

This document specifies the design characteristics of the indications for people in the vicinity of earth-moving machines, as defined in cen:proj:68778EN ISO 6165:2022 . Co-workers who lack the training to interpret the indications are considered bystanders. While this document primarily addresses indications to bystanders, additional guidance for co-workers is provided in Annex B . This document does not apply to: Machines in roading applications; — Indications within the operator station or on devices (e.g. remote-control device, remote monitoring device) for the use by the operator in operating or monitoring the machine. This document does not provide requirements for the control method (i.e. software, hardware) of the indicator. NOTE Where regional or national regulations exist, those take priority and the colour displayed or flashing characteristics can be changed.

 

This part of ISO 27327 establishes uniform methods for laboratory testing of air curtain units to determine aerodynamic performance in terms of airflow rate, outlet air velocity uniformity, power consumption and air velocity projection, for rating or guarantee purposes. This part of ISO 27327 is not applicable to the specification of test procedures to be used for design, production or field testing.