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This document specifies a measuring method for the characterization of rheological properties of structural adhesives using oscillatory rheometry. Moreover, the testing procedure can be applied to the reactive mixture of several components or the components of a reactive bonding paste material. The advantage of the method in comparison to rotational viscometry measurements lies in the separation of elastic and viscous material properties, thus allowing the defining of the viscoelastic properties. This enables more precise information concerning the flow behaviour of the materials, thereby resulting in a better understanding of their processing properties.The method described is particularly suitable for filled and paste-like adhesives. These are frequently processed using automated pump and application systems in industrial applications and will be set precisely considering their rheological properties. As the rheological behaviour of uncured adhesives is mostly independent of their properties in the cured state, the document can also serve for the examination of non-structural adhesives.

This document specifies safety requirements for design of tail lifts as defined in 3.1 for mounting on wheeled goods vehicles. It also specifies the verification of such tail lifts and the safety information that has to be provided for their use.This document deals with the technical requirements to minimize the hazards listed in Clause 4 which can arise during the operation of tail lifts when carried out in accordance with the specifications as intended by the manufacturer or his authorized representative.It applies to tail lifts:- used for the purpose of loading and/or unloading such vehicles;- intended to be fitted, temporarily or permanently, either inside or on the front, side or rear of the wheeled vehicle;- driven either by hand or electric powered;- equipped with a platform to support loads which comprise goods, an operator, or a combination of the two;- with a maximum lifting height not exceeding 3 m above ground when the platform is unloaded;- rotary type with a maximum lifting height not exceeding 2 m;- used as a link bridge when intended by the manufacturer.NOTE A tail lift is not to be confused with a link bridge attached to a loading dock which is included within the definition of a dock leveller and is outside the scope of this document.Loading and/or unloading operations include the use of a tail lift to lift and/or lower loads.This document does not establish the additional requirements for:- operation in severe conditions (e.g. extreme environmental conditions such as freezer applications, high temperatures, corrosive environment, tropical environment, contaminating environments, strong magnetic fields);- operations subject to special rules (e.g. potentially explosive atmospheres);- supply by electrical networks and the electrical circuit;- power take off part of the system;- electronic equipment;- electromagnetic compatibility (emission-immunity);- static electricity problems;- handling of loads the nature of which could lead to dangerous situations (e.g. molten metal, acids/bases, radiating materials, especially brittle loads);- hazards occurring during installation, transportation, decommissioning;- hazards occurring when handling suspended loads which may swing freely;- requirement related to the use on public roads;- wind pressure in and out of use;- direct contact with foodstuffs;- earthquake;- lightning;This document is not applicable to tail lifts manufactured before the publication of this document.

This European Standard is to be used together with EN 13001-1, EN 13001-2 and EN 13001-3-1 as well as pertinent crane type product EN standards, and as such they specify general conditions, requirements and methods to, by design and theoretical verification, prevent mechanical hazards of hydraulic cylinders that are part of the load carrying structures of cranes. Hydraulic piping, hoses and connectors used with the cylinders, as well as cylinders made from other material than carbon steel, are not within the scope of this standard.The following are significant hazardous situations and hazardous events that could result in risks to persons during intended use and reasonably foreseeable misuse. Clauses 4 to 7 of this standard are necessary to reduce or eliminate risks associated with the following hazards:a) exceeding the limits of strength (yield, ultimate, fatigue);b) elastic instability (column buckling).NOTE EN 13001-3-6 deals only with the limit state method in accordance with EN 13001-1.

This Part of this European Standard specifies the design and calculation of industrial metallic piping systems, including supports, covered by EN 13480.