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1.1 Scope of EN 1998-3 (1) This document is applicable to the assessment and retrofitting of buildings and bridges in seismic regions, namely as given in a) to c): a) to provide criteria for the assessment of the seismic performance of existing individual buildings and bridges; b) to describe the procedure to be followed in selecting necessary corrective measures; c) to set forth criteria for the design of retrofitting measures (i.e. design, structural analysis including intervention measures, final dimensioning of structural parts and their connections to existing structural members). NOTE 1 For the purposes of this document, retrofitting covers both the seismic upgrading (e.g. strengthening or adding a passive system) of undamaged structures and the repair and possible upgrading of earthquake-damaged structures. NOTE 2 Only the most common retrofit techniques are covered in this document. This does not exclude the use of other techniques, which can be developed in each country, based on the strengthening principles of this document. NOTE 3 Annex D gives flowcharts for the application of this document. (2) Unless specifically stated, EN 1998-1-1 and EN 1998-5 apply. (3) Reflecting the performance requirements of EN 1998-1-1:2024, 4.1, this document covers the seismic assessment and retrofitting of buildings and bridges made of the more commonly used structural materials: concrete, steel and composite, timber and masonry. NOTE Annexes B and C contain additional guidance related to the assessment of timber and masonry structures, respectively, and to their retrofitting when necessary. (4) This document is intended for the assessment of individual structures, to decide on the need for structural intervention and to design the retrofitting measures that may be necessary. It is not intended for the vulnerability assessment of populations or groups of structures in seismic risk evaluations for various purposes (e.g. for determining insurance risk, for setting risk mitigation priorities, etc.). (5) This document provides (in its material-specific Clauses 8 to 11) criteria for the verification of the more common retrofitting techniques currently in use. (6) This document gives specific rules for the assessment and retrofitting relevant to existing buildings and bridges of consequence classes CC1, CC2 and CC3, as defined in EN 1990:2023, 4.3. (7) Although the provisions of this document are applicable to all common categories of buildings and bridges, the seismic assessment and retrofitting of monuments and heritage structures often requires different types of provisions and approaches, depending on the nature of the monuments and heritage structures. 1.2 Assumptions (1) The assumptions of EN 1998-1-1 apply to this document. (2) The provisions of this document assume that the data collection and tests are performed by experienced personnel and that the engineer responsible for the assessment, the possible design of the retrofitting and the execution of work has appropriate experience of the type of structures being upgraded or repaired. (3) It is assumed that inspection procedures, checklists and other data-collection procedures will be documented and filed and referred to in the assessment/design documents.

 

EN 1998-4 is applicable to the seismic design of on-ground and elevated silos, on-ground, elevated and underground tanks, above-ground and buried pipeline systems, towers, masts and chimneys and ancillary elements attached to the aforementioned structures or in industrial facilities.

 

This document applies to the broad range of materials and systems, e.g. fabric shades, venetian blinds, prismatic glass, etc., that are used on windows and skylights to control daylight, sunlight, glare, privacy, and view to the outdoors. It specifies procedures for producing comprehensive angle-dependent, solar-optical scattering data that can then be used to compute a wide range of performance metrics. This document specifies procedures for: a) characterizing angle-dependent, optical properties (transmittance, reflectance, absorptance) of glazing and shading materials and systems, i.e. "complex fenestration systems" (CFS) and then b) generating tabulated bidirectional scattering distribution function (BSDF) data sets for use as input to simulation tools or standardized calculation methods such as the comprehensive hourly calculation method defined in ISO/CIE 10916:2024 [1]. This document establishes generally applicable methods for BSDF characterization of CFS for evaluation of performance criteria based on spatially resolved (luminance, solar patch) and/or integral radiation quantities (illuminance, solar irradiance) and thus on definitions and specifications for generating tabulated BSDF data. The methods apply for the full solar spectral range from 280 nm to 4000 nm including ultraviolet, visible and infrared regions. The subsequent derivation of analytical models in order to characterize some types of CFS with a large number of similar variations is not included in this document. Characterization of CFS as a function of wavelength (spectrally resolved) or position on a non-homogeneous surface is also not included in the scope of this document.

 

This document specifies methods using sieving for the determination of the quantity of coarse particles of binder present in bituminous emulsions and for the determination of storage stability. WARNING - The use of this document can involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This document does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this document to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. In addition, for environmental aspects, it is important to limit the quantities of products, solvents and energy sources to reduce the emissions in air and water and the wastes to the minimum required for a valid test realization.

 

This document specifies the general safety, design, construction, and performance requirements and testing of safety, control or regulating devices (hereafter referred to as controls) for burners and appliances burning one or more gaseous fuels or liquid fuels. This document is applicable to controls with declared maximum inlet pressure up to and including 500 kPa and of nominal connection sizes up to and including DN 250.

 

This document specifies requirements and provides guidance for establishing, implementing, maintaining, reviewing and improving an anti-bribery management system. The system can be stand-alone or can be integrated into an overall management system. This document addresses the following in relation to the organization's activities: — bribery in the public, private and not-for-profit sectors; — bribery by the organization; — bribery by the organization's personnel acting on the organization's behalf or for its benefit; — bribery by the organization's business associates acting on the organization's behalf or for its benefit; — bribery of the organization; — bribery of the organization's personnel in relation to the organization’s activities; — bribery of the organization's business associates in relation to the organization’s activities; — direct and indirect bribery (e.g. a bribe offered or accepted through or by a third party). This document is applicable only to bribery. It sets out requirements and provides guidance for a management system designed to help an organization to prevent, detect and respond to bribery and comply with anti-bribery laws and voluntary commitments applicable to its activities. The requirements of this document are generic and are intended to be applicable to all organizations (or parts of an organization), regardless of type, size and nature of activity, and whether in the public, private or not-for-profit sectors. The extent of application of these requirements depends on the factors specified in 4.1, 4.2 and 4.5. NOTE 1 See Clause A.2 for guidance. NOTE 2 The measures necessary to prevent, detect and mitigate the risk of bribery by the organization can be different from the measures used to prevent, detect and respond to bribery of the organization (or its personnel or business associates acting on the organization's behalf). See A.8 for guidance.

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This document provides the overview and concepts of confidential computing. It is applicable to organizations and stakeholders involved in the development, implementation, or use of confidential computing.

 

This document provides supplemental specifications to a physical layer capable of transmitting 1 Gbit/s over plastic optical fibre compliant with ISO/IEC/IEEE 8802-3:2017/Amd 9:2018, with specific application to communications inside road vehicles. Additionally, there is a test plan specified for conformance testing. The test plan includes test cases to ensure compliance of an IUT with the functionality specified in this document. ISO/IEC/IEEE 8802-3:2017/Amd 9:2018 is considered indispensable for the application of this document. The supplemental specifications include wake-up and synchronised link sleep functionality. The specification includes the sublayers, service interfaces, and state diagrams that support the functionality. The supplemental specifications are collected in protocol implementation conformance statement (PICS). The requirements specified in ISO/IEC/IEEE 8802-3:2017/Amd 9:2018 and in this document constitute the complete PICS that specifies the GEPOF physical entity functionality. The optical component requirements and test methods for optical 1-Gbit/s transmission of in-vehicle Ethernet are not within the scope of this document.

 

This document specifies a method for the determination of the viscosity number of dilute solutions of polyamides in certain specified solvents. The method is applicable to the polyamides designated PA 46, PA 6, PA 66, PA 69, PA 610, PA 612, PA 11, PA 12, PA 6T/66, PA 6I/6T, PA 6T/6I/66, PA 6T/6I, PA 6I/6T/66 and PA MXD6 as defined in ISO 16396-1, as well as to co-polyamides, compounds of polyamides and other polyamides that are soluble in one of the specified solvents under the specified conditions. The method is not applicable to polyamides produced by anionic polymerization of lactams or produced with cross-linking agents; such polyamides are normally insoluble in the specified solvents. The viscosity number is determined by the general procedure specified in iso:proj:86451ISO 1628-1:2024, observing the particular conditions specified in this document.

 

This document defines terms used in digital imaging in photography.

 

 

 

This document provides a framework of descriptors to support the consistent characterization of AI system methods and capabilities. The framework helps AI stakeholders to describe AI systems and have a common understanding of them. This document applies to all types of organizations involved in any of the life cycle stages of AI systems as well as to any AI stakeholder roles.

 

This document provides definitions, concepts, guidelines and methodology to address AI-enhanced nudging mechanisms by organizations. It provides requirements for designing responsible AI-enhanced nudging mechanisms, key indicators, both horizontally and vertically. This document supports organizations that develop or use AI-enhanced nudges, as well as entities interested in the protection of civil society and individuals, including consumers and workers.

 

This document specifies a classification of the main types of automatic steam traps according to the mode of actuation of their obturation device and disregarding their details of conception and construction.

 

This document specifies the principle, method, condition, preparation, procedure, data analysis and report of sea trial for net energy-savings efficiency of air lubrication device. It is applicable to the sea trial for Net energy-saving efficiency of air lubrication device.

 

This document gives the definitions of the major technical terms and expressions used to describe an automatic steam trap as far as dimension, pressure, temperature and flow rate are concerned, as well as their corresponding symbols and units.

 

This document specifies fundamental parameters of computed radiography (CR) systems with the aim of enabling satisfactory and repeatable results to be obtained economically. The techniques are based both on fundamental theory and test measurements. This document specifies the performance of CR systems and the measurement of the corresponding parameters for the system scanner and storage phosphor imaging plate (IP). CR system classes are defined in combination with specified metal screens for industrial radiography. This document ensures that the quality of the images, as far as they are influenced by the scanner IP system, complies with the requirements of ISO 16371-2. This document considers the requirements for film radiography specified in ISO 11699-1. This document specifies system tests at different levels. More complex manufacturer tests are described, which allow the determination of precise system parameters to characterize the performance of CR systems from different suppliers and make them comparable for users. Simpler tests are also described, which are designed for fast tests of the quality of CR systems and long-term stability monitoring by the user.

 

This part of ISO 1628 specifies a method for the determination of the viscosity number (also referred to as "reduced viscosity") of dilute solutions of thermoplastic polyesters (TPs) in certain specified solvents. The method is applicable to poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT), poly- (cyclohexylenedimethylene terephthalate) (PCT), and poly(ethylene naphthalate) (PEN), as well as to copolyesters and other polyesters, referred to in iso:proj:76396ISO 20028-1:2019, that are soluble in one of the specified solvents under the specified conditions. The viscosity number is determined by the general procedure specified in iso:proj:86451ISO 1628-1:2024, observing the particular conditions specified in this part of ISO 1628. The determination of the viscosity number of a thermoplastic polyester provides a measure of the relative molecular mass of the polymer.

 

1.1 This document specifies conditions for the determination of the reduced viscosity (also known as viscosity number) and K-value of PVC resins. It is applicable to resins in powder form which consist of homopolymers of the monomer vinyl chloride and copolymers, terpolymers, etc., of vinyl chloride with one or more other monomers, but where vinyl chloride is the main constituent. The resins can contain small amounts of unpolymerized substances (e.g. emulsifying or suspending agents, catalyst residues, etc.) and other substances added during the course of the polymerization. This document is not applicable, however, to resins having a volatile-matter content in excess of 0,5 % ± 0,1 %, when determined in accordance with iso:proj:39135ISO 1269:2006. In addition to this, it is not applicable to resins which are not entirely soluble in cyclohexanone. 1.2 The reduced viscosity and K-value of a particular resin are related to its molecular mass, but the relationship varies depending on the concentration and type(s) of other monomer(s) present. Hence, homopolymers and copolymers having the same reduced viscosity or K-value can have different molecular masses. 1.3 The values determined for reduced viscosity and K-value, for a particular sample of PVC resin, are influenced differently by the concentration of the solution chosen for the determination. Hence the use of the procedures specified in this document only gives values for reduced viscosity and K-value that are comparable when the concentrations of the solutions used are identical. 1.4 The experimental procedures specified in this document can also be used to characterize the polymeric fraction obtained during the chemical analysis of a PVC composition. However, the values calculated for the reduced viscosity and K-value in these circumstances can deviate form the correct values for the resin used to produce the composition because of the impure nature of the recovered polymer fraction.